The Historcal Necessity And The System Research Of Defending And Realizing The Farmer's Benefit

"Issues concerning agriculture" is one of the most important issues that gradually appears in the middle of 1990s in nowadays' Chinese society. The core of these issues is the issue of the peasants, whose key and vital part is the issue of the peasants' interests. To maintain and fulfill the peasants' interests are strategic part of contact and breach to solve the issues concerning agriculture basically. It is concerned with the reform, development and stability of our society;building the overall comfortable society, fulfill the developing task of 'Three Steps";the strategic situation of realizing Chinese nation's great restoration.This paper theoretically and practically probes into the necessity of maintaining and fulfilling the peasants' interests, the historical and systematical reasons that affect peasants' interests and how to maintain and fulfill peasants' interests.Under the special national situation of our country, maintaining and fulfilling peasant's interests own historical necessity. As the main body of Chinese society and the important reflections of Chinese social productive power, the 800 million peasants are the main creative powers of material and spiritual wealth in Chinese society. To maintain and fulfill the peasants' interests is to maintain and fulfill the basic interests of Chinese nation.It is the natural task of our Party and government to maintain and fulfill peasants' interests. No matter in the period of democratic revolution or socialist revolution and construction periods, effectively maintaining and fulfilling peasant's interests that occupy the majority or not are all the key issues to decide the success and the failure of the revolution and construction. In the new period of reform and opening-up, in order to adapt the changes of national and international environment and situations, cement the reign basement of our Party, deeply follow out the important theories and scientific developing thoughts of " Three Representatives", build socialist harmonious society, fulfill the overall comfortable society and the great object of realizing modernized construction, our Party and government all must effectively maintain and fulfill peasants' interests.Peasants have done a great contribution and sacrifice to Chinese revolution and modernized construction. From the founding of PRC to the reform and opening-up, under the system of "People's Commune", by the way of "State Monopoly for Purchase and Marketing" to agriculture products and "Scissors Movement of Prices" to the prices of industrial and agriculture products, our nation has taken away nearly 700 billion capitals from the villages and peasants to carry on the "Primitive Accumulation of Capital" to industrial production and support the Chinese industrialized construction. After the reform and opening-up, peasantshave gradually changed from the first beneficiaries to the weak collectivity of our society;their interests have been gradually damaged and the income gap between the urban and rural inhabitants becomes larger and larger. During over 20 years since the reform and opening-up, peasants have devoted over billions of constructive capitals to national industrialization. The great mass of peasants have created immeasurable large wealth with their sweat and toil and their wisdom;however what they gained are kinds of unequal treatment and even discrimination.The reasons that affect peasants' interests include social historical reasons, that is highly strained relationship between people and lands ~ the limitation of scarce resources;peasants -the limitation of weakness of the main of the labors;the limitation of social rank system and their thoughts. The dualistic organ to divide cities -the reasons of systems, that is, the census registering system to divide urban and rural areas;city-bias financial system;the inequality of political rights between urban and rural areas;the inequality of the distribution to social resources;the division of unsymmetrical markets between urban and rural areas;the system of burgage and the abuse to the system of peasant-labors.The basic way to maintain and fulfill peasants' interests is creation, including the creation of thoughts and systems. It should be assured that the whole Party and the whole society build up the thoughts and consciousness of agriculture is of the first importance;maintaining and fulfilling peasants' interests is maintaining and fulfilling the interests of the whole society basically. Peasants are the equal group of our society. Perfecting and strengthening the system of burgage;building agriculture-bias financial system and village-bias social resource devotion system;creating village administration and managing groups;getting rid of the abuse to the system of peasant-labors;stopping and releasing the depravity to peasants of groups concerned with peasants' interests. Only by the way of ceaseless creation to systems, we can gradually form the strong system of maintaining and fulfilling peasants interests and realize the object of effectively maintaining and fulfilling peasants interests to widen the way for solving the "issues concerning agriculture" basically.