Xilingol Grassland Desertification Disaster-forming Environment Risk Assessment

Desertification disaster as one of severe natural ecological environmentproblems, has attracted many attentions of the world in various fields.Desertification disasters make ecological environment out of balance, tohave serious impact on human life and property safety. Disaster-formingenvironment risk is the important component of regional disaster system, itplays a decisive role to the complexity, intensity, extention of the disastersystem, also to disasters cluster and mass characteristics of the disastersystem. Therefore, mastering the desertification disaster-formingenvironment risk is the foundation of take effective measures to combatdesertification disasters.Xilingol grassland ecological environment are fragile and unstable,desertification are widely distributed. In this paper, the Xilingol grasslanddesertification to be the object of study, by using remote sensing technologyand GIS technology, combined with related mathematical statisticsmethods,also relying on the software tools such as Excel and SPSS, Xilingolgarassland desertification disaster-forming environment risk is assessed.From climate factor, underlying surface factor and human factor ofXilingol grassland desertification disaster-forming environment risk areidentified; In combination with the practical situation of xilingol grassland,Select desertification disaster-forming environment risk evaluation index,using the combination entropy weight method to calculate the weights ofevaluation index, using the method of weighted score to establishedisaster-forming environment risk evaluation model of the study area, toevaluate the desertification disaster-forming environment risk in2000,2005and2009of Xilingol grassland; using the standard deviation classificationmethod, Xilingol grassland desertification disaster-forming environment riskassessment results is divided into five grades; through analysis we get thefollowing conclusions: 1. Xilingol grassland climate factor risk diminishinng from west to easton the whole,the dominant factors of the forming spatial distribution aretemperature and precipitation. Western region of high temperature,lowrainfall,and drying surface are very beneficial for the development ofdesertification, and desertification risk is high; eastern region of lowtemperatures, high rainfall and the wet surface, are not easy to be eroded,desertification risk is low. From2000to2009the characteristics of theclimate factor risk change is that southern region risk increased; high riskregion increased year by year, and very low risk or low risk regionsdecreased; large variations in high risk regions.2. Underlying surface factors risk of Xilingol grassland high in the west,low in the North-East. Moderate risk area is largest, hold the57.62﹪oftotal land. The dominant factor of the underlying surface factors risk is thesoil type. Underlying surface factor risk extensded from west to east in2000~2009in general. In a high risk and Moderate risk region extended to theeast gradually; low risk areas contracted from the middle to the east. Thesouthern region risk increased.3.Xilingol grassland human factors risk is given priority to withmoderate risk, hold81.22﹪of total land, high risk areas in the south; thedominant factor of the forming spatial distribution is the difference of landuse types and population density. The characteristics of human factors riskchange is high in southern areas and risk reduced in2000to2009.4.By comprehensive analysisthe on the climate factors、underlyingsurface factors, human factors, of disaster-forming environment, Xilingolgrassland desertification disaster-forming environment risk is high in thewest, low in the east, moderate risk area is the largest. Xilingol grasslanddesertification disaster-forming environment risk extensded from west toeast in2000~2009in general, very low risk area, low risk area, moderaterisk area and very high risk area will be moved to high risk area.5.The risk of Xilingol grassland desertification disaster-formingenvironment and the degree of desertification are almost the same. The moderate or severe desertation area have high disaster-forming environmentrisk, not desertification area have low disaster-formingenvironmentvrisk.The Mainly land of Taipusi county and Duolun county arenot desertificated. The main reason of the disaster-forming environment riskis tend to high or very high is the large region population density, mainlycultivated land, frequent human activity, and loose soil, which aresusceptible to desertification, and have high disaster-forming environmentrisk.