| In the indoor decoration market, the types and qualities of various materials are irregular and the environmental property of the material is unpredictable when people choose materials. From the perspectives of improvement of the air quality, reducing of the environmental pollution and protection of people’s health, this paper conducts research and summarization on regularity and safety of the release of formaldehyde and VOC of man-made board. And this paper carries out empirical research on wall paper, interior wall paint and carpet which involve less formaldehyde and VOC. Quantitative analysis of the rate of the release of formaldehyde is carried out by UV spectrophotometer; this paper analyzes the component and content of VOC by GC/MS. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) Due to the different detection methods of the formaldehyde emission of decorative materials, it leads to different limit values for different detection methods, and the future research focus is to find and discuss the correlation of different detection methods and to improve the accuracy of the rapid detecting data. The State Quality Inspection Administration not only strictly supervises and selectively checks the formaldehyde emission of indoor decorative materials, and should also strengthen its monitoring on the release rates of VOC to ensure the environmental nature of indoor materials to meet the state standards. With the growing concern for the health of indoor environment, the manufacturers should try to improve production lines, improve production technology, reduce pollutant emission of products and provide green decorative materials for the market.(2) The varied trend for the release rate of volatile organics of man-made board product is consistent, which releases rapidly in the early stage and after that the release rate slows until the release rate goes to balance. When the craft parameters and the standard and the measurement are the same, the VOC emissions rank from low to high successively are Oriented Strand Board with18.65ug/m2/h VOA emission, veneering MDF with24.35ug/m2/h VOA emission, plywood with29ug/m2/h VOA emission, chipboard with30ug/m2/h VOA emission, MDF with40μg/m2/h VOA emission, HDF with65μg/m2/h VOA emission. This paper studies the VOC emission of chipboard and draws the conclusion that seven craft parameters, including hot-pressing temperature, rate of spreading, density of chipboard, hot-pressing time, moisture content of slab, slab structure and thickness, have significant impacts on VOC emissions and the total emissions increase with the improvement of these craft parameters. Different veneering methods for indoor decorative materials have closed effect on formaldehyde and VOC. The balanced release rate of VOA of melamine veneer man-made board (128.9μg/m2/h) and benzene series are much lower than that of board (349μg/m2/h) and paint veneer wood-based panel) The stable release rate of VOC (15.462μg/m3) and the formaldehyde emission (0.110mg/m3) of non-woven wallpaper are better than PVC wallpaper (the stable release rate of VOC is20.407μg/m3, the formaldehyde emission is0.199mg/m3). In the choice of wallpaper glue, the release rate of formaldehyde and VOC of sticky glue is the smallest; the highest release rate of formaldehyde and VOC is the special powerful wallpaper powder. In the research of two kinds of wallpaper and three kinds of wallpaper glue, the combination of non-woven wallpaper and sticky glue is the best combination. On the28th day, the emission of formaldehyde is0.026mg/m3and the release rate of VOC is11.460μg/m3, which reach the stable release.(4) In the experiment of interior wall paint, combined with the comparison of the release rate of formaldehyde and VOC at the time of relatively stable release, the environmental property of interior wall paint of brand2(the release rate of VOC is21.534μg/m3and the formaldehyde emission is0.102mg/m3) is superior to brandl (the release rate of VOC is 36.288μg/m3and the formaldehyde emission is0.213mg/m3). This paper studies the different interior wall paints at different ranges of price of the same brand and draws the conclusion that there is relevance between the environmental property of the interior wall paint and its retail price in the decorative materials market.(5)In the release of VOC in the carpet materials, alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons and olefin are the predominant component. The release rate of formaldehyde of carpet is higher than that of wallpaper and interior wall paint when it reaches the stable release. The release rate of formaldehyde and VOC of carpet made of polypropylene fiber is lower than that of the nylon material. The gram weight (floss weight) of carpet is inversely proportional to the release rate of VOC of carpet material. The highest gram weight ratio is D4which is1250g/m2(the release rate of VOC is22.035μg/m3in the stable conditions on the28th day), and the lowest gram weight ratio is D5which is650g/m2(the release rate of VOC is43.418μg/m3in the stable conditions on the28th day).(6) From the analysis and experiment of the release of formaldehyde and VOC of the common brand for man-made board, wall paper, interior wall paint and carpet in the market, all indoor decorative materials will release volatile organic compounds, primarily including alkanes, aromatics, olefins and formaldehyde. Combined with the market prices of the experimental materials, people should choose common and famous brand in the permission of economic conditions in the decorative process, which helps reduce indoor environmental pollution and improve environmental quality of indoor space. |
PDF Full Text Request