The Study On The Ecological Environmental Problems Of Urbanization In Heilongjiang Province

Urbanization is a major problem of China’s economic and social development. It is an important task during the12th Five-Year Plan. In recent years, with in-depth development of China’s urbanization, the production and living conditions in rural areas have been improved significantly, so there is some effect of the urbanization in China. It can promote to build a well-off society all over the country and also help to speed the modernization of our country. However, for a long period, with the development of urbanization, people pay more attention to economic development but ignore the protection of the ecological environment; only concern about the economic benefits without considering about the environmental and social benefits. As the rapid development of urbanization process, the ecological environment suffered an enormous challenge in China’s rural area, so we should face more and more environmental crisis. The degradation of environment in the rural areas severely restricts the sustainable development of urbanization and also has negative influence on rural area’s economic development. It will not only bring adverse impact to people’s production and life and to the townships’survival but also threaten to the whole country’s environmental security.As a major agricultural province of China, Heilongjiang Province constantly explores the practice of rural urbanization and reform, so the level of urbanization there is in the first place of our country. Nevertheless, with rapid development of urbanization process, the ecological environment in rural areas has been seriously damaged. The environmental pollution has threatened to the agricultural products’edible security; farmers’ health and also has slowed down the speed of the rural economic growth. Therefore, the government and society should pay attention to protect the rural ecological environment. Based on the above background, studying on the ecological and environmental protection issues during the urbanization of Heilongjiang Province is particularly important.This essay will focus on the ecological and environmental protection issues during the urbanization of Heilongjiang Province. First of all, introduce the domestic and foreign experiences of ecological and environmental protection during the urbanization and aim to learn from them. Secondly, introduce the general situation of the urbanization in Heilongjiang province and the negative impact on the ecological system during the urbanization. Thirdly, analyze and discuss the current situation of the ecological and environmental protection in Heilongjiang Province during the urbanization. Finally, analyze the problems existing in the ecological and environmental protection of Heilongjiang Province and then analyze the factors which cause these problems based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP).After the analysis we can get the result that the policy is key factor and the secondary causes are ideological issues, management issues and technical problems, which constrains ecological and environmental protection during the urbanization of Heilongjiang Province. Based on the above analysis, this paper puts forward the following plans to solve these problems:to enhance the legal system; to establish and perfect the ecological and environmental protection laws and regulations; to control the population growth, to improve environmental protection publicity and education; to establish and improve rural ecology compensation mechanism and to reinforce environmental protection efforts.Therefore, this essay is expected to provide theoretical guidance and practical significance to the ecological and environmental protection in Heilongjiang Province during the urbanization.