The Test Of Oil Transferring On The Top Surface Of Nonwoven Products

With economic development, oil has become an indispensable resource for allcountries. The industrialization process is accelerating. The processing, production,transportation and application of oil are expanding. But at the same time, oil spillingaccidents often occur. Currently, chemical treatments of Oil dispersant are mostlyused to deal with oil spilling accidents in China. But chemical treatments will result insecond pollution. Nowadays, melt blown nonwoven fabrics get more and moreattention as a new kind of high oil-absorbing materials. Polypropylene with adiameter of about2-5μm is the main raw materials for melt blown nonwoven fabrics.Microfibers increase the amount of fibers and the surface area, which helps forabsorbing of melt blown fabrics. Although the demanding for melt blown fabrics isincreasing, the testing equipments for oil transferring property hasn’t been developed.For traditional way of testing liquid absorption of fabrics, such asMMT(Moisture Management Test), it is based on the principle of conducting afterbeing immersed in water for fabrics. But oil is not conductive. As a result, MMT isnot suitable to test oil transferring. Given the limitation of traditional testing methods,the paper proposed a new method to test oil transferring of non-woven fabricscombining near-infrared technology and signal acquisition technique and designed adevice for testing.The paper studied the followings. Firstly, the change of near-infrared ray afterpassing through dried and oil-absorbing nonwoven fabrics was preliminarily studiedand the testing principle of the oil transferring for non-woven fabrics was established.Secondly, based on near infrared technology and signal acquisition technologycombing with data processing by MATLAB, the paper proposed parameters of spreading speed, K value (one way transmission) and oil-absorbing speed tocharacterize the oil-absorbing property of non-woven fabrics. Thirdly, oil absorbingexperiments were made for different non-woven fabrics. The results were analyzedand showed the difference of oil absorbing property for non-woven fabrics made ofdifferent materials and processing, which verified the feasibility of the testing methodproposed by the paper.Oil absorbing properties of five non-woven fabrics were tested throughself-made equipment. Compared with traditional testing method, it has advantages ofdynamic testing, high-precision and quick testing. The conclusion are as follows:1. The experiments results showed that the amount of transmitted near-infraredchanged when the oil passed through the dried non-woven fabrics. The amount oftransmitted near-infrared for non-woven fabrics with oil is less than that of dried non-woven fabrics. The amount of transmitted near-infrared changes as the degree ofimmersion changes.2. The equipment to testing oil transferring for non-woven fabrics was designedbased on the above principle. The equipment uses near-infrared technology and signalacquisition technology. The testing process is automatic and less human influenced.3. The oil transferring property of different non-woven fabrics was tested by theequipment. The results were analyzed through analysis of variance, which shows thatthe equipment can distinguish the differences of oil absorbing property for differentsamples.4. The oil transferring speed tested by the near-infrared oil transferring equipmentwas compared with that by the video shooting. The results showed the near-infraredoil transferring equipment can test the oil-transferring speed of different samplesaccurately, which provides a new idea of testing oil transferring for non-wovenfabrics.5. The paper defined K=VMD/VCDas the ratio of spreading speed in differentdirections to characterize one way oil transferring property of the samples. If K＞1, itshows that oil tends to spread in MD direction. On the contrary, it shows that the oiltends to spread in CD direction. Among the samples, samples2has K value of2,which means the oil tends to spread in MD direction. For other samples, the K valueis about1, which means the oil spreading in MD direction and CD direction is almostthe same. 6. The paper defined the speed of oil absorbing as the amount of oil absorbed in aunit of time for non-woven fabrics. The results showed the oil absorbing speeddecreased as the time going, but the rate of change is not uniform. The rate of changefor oil absorbing speed is different for different samples.7. For the curve of oil absorbing speed, we assume to divide the oil absorbingprocess into two stages. For the first stage with enough oil and pores in the fabrics, theoil is transferred mainly through large capillary. For the second stage withun-sufficient oil, as most of the pores of fabrics are immerse by oil, the oil istransferred mainly by the pressure difference inside and outside the capillary.