Quantitative Study On The Disaster Of Chlorine Tank Truck Leakage

At present, with the economic development, environmental disasters are becomingmore and more serious. According to statistics, more than80%of environmental eventswere caused by chemical spills, explosions, fires and emissions. These disasters arepotential threats to human life, property and ecological environment. Therefore,quantitative study on the effects of disasters is necessary.First, in terms of the statistic analysis of the characteristics of environmental events，the environmental disasters were mainly caused by the chemical industry toxic andharmful substances leakage. the research on environmental disaster of liquid chlorineleakage was systematically carried out in this study.Second, based on a comparative analysis of the qualitative evaluation method, theFault Tree Analysis was selected as the main method to analysis the effects of liquidchlorine leakage from a tank car. It had been proved by the analysis of basic eventsstructure importance that the liquid chlorine leakage might be caused by some majorfactors, such as, gasket aging, fastening bolt, packing seal loosening, rupture ofdiaphragm, corrosion, overfilled, heating, and manufacturing defects. Based on theseresults, corresponding prevention measures have been discussed in this study.Finally, the study on the gas diffusion model shows that the diffusion hemispheremodel applies only to the windless conditions. Therefore, the amendment of thehemisphere diffusion model was proposed with the change of wind speed and threetypical roughness by ALOHA software simulation. The reduction and control measuresof chlorine leak environmental disasters were provided.