Catalytic Synthesis Of2,5-Bismethoxymethylfuran:A Promising Cetane Number Improver For Diesel

Modern energy supplies are mainly based on fossil resources, including petroleum, coal and natural gas, which are rapidly depleted due to growing fuel consumption. Therefore, scientists are keen to convert the abundant biomass feedstock into liquid fuels or fuel additives from the perspective of sustainable chemistry.5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), a high boiling point furanic compound produced from the dehydration of bio mass derived carbohydrates, is viewed as a key intermediate. Plentiful work has already been carried out on conversion of HMF into fuels and chemicals. As HMF itself is oxygen-rich and nonvolatile, it is necessary to lower the polarity and the boiling point to obtain liquid fuels or fuel additives derived from HMF. The main work of this paper is the preparation of one kind of diesel additive—2,5-bismethoxymethylfuran, including the prepatation of BMMF and its intermediate from biomass.In chapter1, the source of biomass, the preparation, conversion and utilization, separation and purification of HMF—a platform chemical are introduced in detail.In chapter2, the experiment instruments and reagents, quantitative analytical methods, experimental steps and technical routes are listed.In chapter3, efficient hydrogenation of concentrated5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) into2,5-bis-hydroxymethylfuran (BHMF) was performed using a Cu/SiO2catalyst, obtaining as high as97%BHMF yield. In the presence of acidic ZSM-5zeolite (HZSM-5), the synthesized BHMF further reacted with methanol, leading to70%yield of corresponding2,5-bis-methoxymethylfuran (BMMF). Fructose was converted into BMMF after dehydration, hydrogenation and etherification, using Amberlyst-15, Cu/SiO2and HZSM-5. BMMF, proved by its cetane number of80(much higher than that of the commercial diesel), high flash point (90℃) and low cold filter plugging point (<-37℃) was an excellent cetane number improver for diesel.In chapter4, conversion of furfuryl alcohol into2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF) by hydroxymethylation with aqueous formaldehyde_has been carried out by using HC1as catalyst. The effects of the reaction temperature, time and amount of catalyst are investigated in a single reactor system. In a biphasic reactor system which organic solvent was used as extractant, the BHMF selectivity was significantly improved compared with the single reactor system after the aqueous formaldehyde saturated with NaCL The BHMF selectivity can still reach66%at a FUOH conversbn of72%using methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) as an extracting solvent at35℃for15h.