Study On Low Carbon Restructuring Of Chinese Industry Export

Environmental problems have become the inevitable issues in the world development; and the climate change is the most serious one as a direct threat to human society in the sustainable development. The international community has discussed widely and worked hard together; now has jointly responded to the climate change under the United Nations framework convention on climate change. Under the framework convention, every party congress is committed to limit and reduce CO2 emissions and other greenhouse gases; in the other hand, some low carbon trading measures are put forward. China as a big export country with huge CO2 emissions, the action in energy conservation and emission reduction has been attracted more and more attention by the international community. Industry has the highest energy consumption and the biggest export in China. This paper will base on the analysis of international low carbon trading measures, focus on the "low carbon structure" of the present Chinese industry export; then discuss how to adjust this problem.This paper is divided into six chapters. Except the first chapter "introduction" and the last chapter "conclusion", the other four parts are the core of this paper. Specific arrangements are as follows:The second chapter introduces the "low carbon trading measures" to deal with the climate change by the international community, including carbon tariffs, international greenhouse gas management standards, carbon labels and low carbon product certification, also discusses the legality of these measures under the framework of WTO. The result shows:carbon tariffs exist conflict with WTO regulation; the implementation will have certain resistance. The international greenhouse gas management standards has more rationality and operability, we should actively adopt and execute. Yet the carbon tariffs exists some conflict with WTO rules, the developed country still support carbon tariffs. They insist impose domestic carbon tax in order to impose legal carbon tariffs on the possibility of developing countries.Then China will become the main object of carbon tariffs imposed, the export will be inevitably affected.The third chapter is about the "carbon structure" analysis of Chinese industry export. First, we base on the "input-output method", use the latest data to estimate the implicit carbon amount in Chinese industry export. In the huge CO2 emissions, China bears a certain part CO2 emissions for the foreign consumers in the form of implicit carbon in export commodity. Then through two indexes:the "absolute carbon emissions structure" and the "carbon intensity structure", we analyze the "carbon structure" of Chinese Industry Export and found the "carbon structure" really exists unreasonable. Then we simulate under the condition of carbon tariffs, and analyze the influence to Chinese Industry Export. The result show that the cost and competitiveness of industry export, industry production and employment of industry department will be subjected to the huge impact.The fourth chapter is about the conditions and difficulties in the low carbon transformation of Chinese industry export. The favorable conditions including:big potential and low cost of energy conservation and emission reduction, more international technology cooperation, abundant clean energy reserves and active domestic policy support. The main difficulties faced including:the energy consumption structure is unreasonable and difficult to reverse rapid; the economic development is relatively behind; energy consumption is huge and research capability is insufficient; the concept is behind and the system construction is imperfect.The fifth chapter is the countermeasures and suggestions to the low carbon transformation of Chinese industry export. First, the international countermeasure is mentioned, it suggests that China should participate actively in the international climate change rule formulation to protect our reasonable rights and interests. The domestic countermeasure is mainly aimed at the difficulty of low carbon transformation, including:energy countermeasure, countermeasure for industry development stage, fund and technical countermeasure, concept and system countermeasure.The basic views of this paper are:the carbon tariff is unreasonable in the international trade; it's a new kind of international trading barriers. The United States and other developed countries should not levy carbon tariff, but also consider that China has made huge sacrifice to the whole world. The developed countries should positively transfer advanced technology with the globalization angle to solve the problem. Chinese enterprises should face up to the production situation of high carbon export and actively participate in the low carbon transformation of industry export structure.