Trade-intervention Policies And The Coordination Mechanism: From The View Of The Distribution Of Trade Benefits

International specialization and trade both can promote the allocation of resources and raise the productivity more efficiently, and from that the trading countries can gain the trade benefits such as increased consumption possibility and economic growth. However, being influenced by the different endowments of natural resources, the unequal competitiveness and demand intensity, and the other affective factors as well, the trade benefits are not always distributed in balance among trading countries as well as various domestic interest groups. On the other hand, a country's trade policy can also interfere with the distribution of trade benefits among countries and interest groups. Thus, the relationship between the distribution of trade benefits and trade policies has always been an important topic in the research area of international trade and economics. This paper is going to inquire, from the view of distribution of trade benefits, into the foundation for forming trade policies, and also the multilateral coordination mechanisms developed to avoid the conflict in trade policies of the trading countries.Chapter 1, Introduction. It comprehensively summarizes the home and abroad related literature of the interests and risks in both free trade and protection of trade, the political economy of trade intervention policy, trade policy coordination mechanisms in different aspects as the background of this research.Chapter 2, it discussed the distribution mechanism of trade benefits from the theoretical perspective, which are perfect competition in static condition and imperfect competition in economies of scale condition. Analyzing the relationship between economic growth and the terms of trade and how the changes in the trade terms influence the distribution of international benefits and economic growth through empirical data. The data, shows although in recent years, commodity terms of trade is worsening in China, both income terms of trade and single factor terms of trade improved, which can prove that economies of scale are an important source of trade benefits of China.Chapter 3, it discusses the relationship between trade-intervention policy and distribution of trade benefits. Not only to study the impact of trade policy mechanism for the distribution of trade benefits, but also through the empirical data of import and export to analyze practical implication of both trade tariffs and subsidies on the distribution of international benefits. The analysis shows that despite the trade intervention policy of a large country can have their terms of trade improved to derive more trade benefits in theory, but the actual data have shown that sustained trade policy of high-tariff barriers even worsen a country's terms of trade, reducing their trade benefits. And free trade policy of low-tariff can generally improve a country's terms of trade.Chapter 4, it takes the relationship between different domestic interest groups and trade policy as the study object. In addition to analyzing the general theory of system, but also analyzing the trade policies' influence to the distribution of trade benefits and interest groups' influence to the policy-making system through the market share of different industries and wage levels,Chapter 5, it focuses on the conflict of policy coordination mechanism based on the the analysis of national policy conflicts and game mechanism. Analysis shows that multilateral coordination mechanisms are more effective than bilateral coordination mechanism. It can promote international trade smoothly and steadily and improve the world economy through the establishment of international and domestic policy coordination mechanism.