A Study On The Operating Mechanism Of Agricultural Technology Extention On Basic Level In Shanxi Province

The agricultural technology extention system on basic level is the carrier to implement the strategy of developing agriculture by science and the leading force for the science and technology to transfer into productivity and also the important backing force to advance agriculture modernization. Since half a century, as the main body of agriculture technology extension system on basic level, the agriculture extension institutions on and under county level have made great contributions to popularize advanced practical technology, to improve the farmers'scientific quality, to develop food production, to solve food and clothing problem, to guarantee the supply of agriculture products, to increase the farmers'income and to realize the historic leap of agriculture as well. Nonetheless, after entering the new developing stage, some problems of the agriculture technology extension system on basic level have come out as follows: The system is not smooth, the mechanism is not flexible, the stuff members are not stable, the guarantee force is insufficient, and the diverse serve organizations are hysteretic. These problems have influenced seriously the agricultural technology extention and the development of rural economy. In the paper,the author conducted a study into how to innovate agricultural technology extention system on basic level: Firstly, the author analyzed and introduced the settings of agricultural technology extention institutions and financial support in some developed countries; secondly, he gave a brief review of the development history of the agricultural technology extention system in China ,analyzed the functions of the agricultural technology extention system and the impacts by previous institutional reforms; thirdly, according to the survey result into the agricultural technology extention system at basic level, the author summarized the status quo and existing problems of the agricultural technology extention system at basic level as follows: The infrastructure constructure is backward; the extension methods are not powerful; the extension institutions at county level are not well organized; the management system is not smooth; the extension system is short of operating funds and as a result the pament of the stuff is poor; the structure of the stuff is not rational, etc. Huairen County of Shuozhou City in Shanxi province is the second batch of pilot counties confirmed by the Ministry of Agriculture for the innovation of operating mechanism of agricultural technology extention. In the paper,the author quote Huairen County as an example to show how to innovate operating mechanism from six aspects, so as to rationalize the management system, to strengthen inner management, to develop socialized serve organizations of agricultural technology, to improve working efficiency of agricultural technology extention, to promote the reform of agricultural technology extention. Finally, learning from the developed experiences of both at home and abroad, especially from Huairen County, the author put forward that the best way out for the agricultural technology extention in Shanxi province is to build powerful socialized service system, and also he presented six suggestions, such as revising《Agricultural Technology Extention Law》, setting up the projects to promote the innovation of operating mechanism of agricultural technology extention and establishing the long-term safeguard mechanism for the agricultural technology extention system.