Game Analysis On Behaviors Among Different Main Bodies Of Low-carbon Economy In Our Country

The economy during the process of industrialization in many countries was all high carbon economy characterized by heavy energy consumption and high carbon emission, in order to fulfil their historical task of industrialization and urbanization, they consumed a large number of fossil energy such as coal and oil, so that energy resources were depleted, meanwhile the unrestrained use of energy also brought a lot of serious environmental problems, expecially global warming due to the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases caused by energy burning which seriously affected the survival and development of human. At the same time, with the unrestrained use of fossil energy such as coal, oil, the economic cost of consuming fossil energy is higher and higher, the demand for technology is also increasingly strong. Therefore, for the sake of sustainable use of energy resources, the developed countries lay a lot of emphasis on energy conservation and technology development of renewable energy such as wind, solar energy, water and so on. In this context, many new concepts and new policies such as low-carbon economy, low carbon technology, low carbon city emerged. Low carbon economy has also become a major trend for the development of global economy.Our country has been pursuing momentary economic growth at the expense of high consumption of energy resources and heavy environmental pollution, the net growth trend of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission shows that it is necessary for China to ease greenhouse gas emissions, developing low carbon is not only the demand for changing our economic development mode, adjusting industrial structure and energy structure, improving the efficiency of energy resource use and protecting the ecological environment, but also the demand for enhancing international competitiveness of domestic products in the situation of international financial crisis and reducing international pressures from the climate negotiation. There are many favorable conditions for the development of low carbon economy in our country, such as broad mitigation space, cost advantage, and with the increasing opportunities of international cooperation on low carbon technology, our low carbon economic development has great potential for international technical cooperation. But at the same time, we also face many disadvantages. In order to achieve economic growth and development of heavy industry we need more energy consumption to be a support which will lead to the accession of greenhouse-gas emissions. China should balance between industrialized development and mitigation, so studying low carbon economy is of important practical significance. Meanwhile, based on the energy demand, industry structure layout and disadvantages for low carbon economy, developing low carbon economy involves the interests of many stakeholders, for example, the game with developed countries in climate negotiations as a developing country, game between government and enterprises, especially enterprises with heavy energy consumption. There are conflicts and contradictions on decision making among participants in low carbon economy. So selecting reasonable way to develop low carbon economy through game analysis on behavior of different participants is theoretical and practical.This paper first considers the developing countries including china as a body, from the view of climate negotiations, adopts tree-correlated equilibrium based on sequential games of perfect information to analyze the game between developed countries and developing countries on climate negotiation. The game result is the reduction commitment and actual emissions reduction efforts of developed countries have a direct impact on the payments of developing countries due to mitigation. Then the paper adopts the dynamic model of complete information and incomplete information to analyze game between our government and enterprises on reducing greenhouse gas emissions by conserving energy. Game result shows that government provides subsidies to enterprises for mitigation through policies, credit, taxes which will promote enterprises to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by conserving energy. If government doesn't audit the reduction report provided by enterprises, enterprises which exaggerate their mitigation may obtain more benefit than faithfully informing their report. If the government and enterprises are all not sure behavior of another person, instead of knowing each other take some strategy at a certain probability, when making decision they will consider comprehensively the expectated payment of various strategies to pursue the greatest gains, that is, when making decision government and enterprises will consider the influence from the behavior of another person. Finally, according to the current situation of energy demand and the game analysis the paper draw some conclutions, and put forward relative policy suggestions.The innovation of this paper lies in that it adopts ideas on game theory to analyze conflicts and contradictions on decision making among participants in low carbon economy, borrow models proposed by foreign literatures, and analyze interests game between developed and developing countries on greenhouses gases emissions in the Copenhagen protocol, thus analyzing pressures to accomplish low carbon economy from the international level.