The Research On The Influence Of Humane Caipital To Rural-Urbane Income Gap In Zhejing

Since the reform and openness, our living standards have greatly improved, but at the same time the problems of income inequality is becoming increasingly severe of which the rural-urban income gap is an important aspect and has exerted a considerable influence on the economic development and social stability. With the continuous improvement of the nationwide unified labor market the market mechanism in the distribution of income is more and more obvious so that the labor income level is increasingly depending on their own quality and the endogenous decision theory of rural-urban income gap on the basis of human capital theory has been paid more and more attention. Therefore, the research on the impact of human capital to rural-urban income gap based on objective conditions of rural-urban income and human capital gap has certain theoretical and practical significance.According to the theory of human capital and the research situations, taking Zhejiang province as the research object, the paper firstly analyses the characteristics and the trend of rural-urban income gap, then the formation reasons and related performance of rural-urban human capital cap, and lastly the mechanism and empirical results of the impact of human capital to rural-urban income gap based on the reality. At last several suggestions to narrow rural-urban income gap according to the conclusion are put forward.The paper is divided into six chapters. The first chapter is the introduction. At first it points out the background and significance of the paper, then summarizes the related research situation, at last introduces the research contents, research methods, and structure arrangement. The second chapter is the theory foundation of the study. Firstly it discusses the development of the human capital theory; secondly it defines the related concept of rural-urban income gap and introduces its measure index; at last it states the theory on the relation between human capital and income distribution. The third chapter is the characteristic analysis of rural-urban income gap in Zhejiang. At first it using various measures analyzes the conditions of rural-urban income gap and with principal component analysis makes a reassessment of it. Next it makes composition analysis and comparison analysis of the rural-urban income gap in Zhejiang. The fourth chapter analyzes rural-urban human capital gap in Zhejiang. The first quarter explains the cause of formation of the gap from several reasons combining the provincial conditions. The second quarter analyzes urban-rural human capital gap from the aspects of investment, structure and quality. The fifth chapter is the empirical analysis on the influence of human capital to rural-urban income gap in Zhejiang. The first quarter is the mechanism analysis on the impact. The second quarter empirically analyzes the impact based on the panel data model. The sixth chapter is the conclusion and policy suggestions. It puts forward the policy recommendations according to the conclusions summarized to alleviate and narrow rural-urban income gap in Zhejiang.The main conclusions can be divided into two aspects. One is about the situation of rural-urban income and human capital gap in Zhejiang which is the realistic foundation. The main conclusions in the aspects are:(1)The results of different measures all presents the dynamic expansion of rural-urban income gap in Zhejiang;(2)From the perspective of internal comparison, rural-urban income gap of some areas in Zhejiang are getting serious in recent years, such as urban and rural income ratio in Lishui has been more than 3.5; (3)According to the result of the reassessment, the measures based on the statistical data underestimate the actual level of rural-urban income gap in Zhejiang in large extent;(4)The intension of rural-urban human capital gap is very meaningful and there is a relatively large rural-urban gap in human capital investment, structure, quality, etc.The other is about the impact of human capital to rural-urban income gap in Zhejiang and this is the target of the paper. Based on the mechanism of the impact and related theories the main conclusions in this aspect are:(1)Through the deconstruction analysis the basic income which consists the salary income and operational income takes up the most part of the income of urban and rural residents, and the basic income gap can explain the overall variation of rural-urban income gap in Zhejiang. It can be inferred that human capital has an important effect on the rural-urban income gap from the perspective of the relevance between human capital and the basic income. (2) From the results of regression model based on Zhejiang regional panel data, in the whole and the northeastern part of the province Zhejiang human capital gap between urban and rural residents will increase their income gap, but the government human capital can narrow the income gap; and in the southwestern part of the province both of the impact of the residents and government human capital investment to rural-unban income gap are not significant. (3) Synthesizing the results of the models with comprehensive sample and regional sample, this paper gets an important conclusion:although rural-urban income gap will get widen because of differences of rural-urban human capital investment gap in Zhejiang province, the government may formulate corresponding policies by increasing financial support in the education and medical treatment for rural areas to effectively prevent rural-urban income gap from widening.The innovation points of this paper mainly include:Obtain a reassessment of rural-urban income gap in Zhejiang province with principal component analysis so that we can understand its real condition. Define the study scope within Zhejiang province and make comparative analysis on the differences around the districts in the province in order to eliminate the interference of other factors. Analyze the mechanism of the impact of human capital to rural-urban income gap then make empirical analysis with selected human capital variables by investigating the behavior of both the residents and government human capital investment to distinguish their impacts.