Research On The Reform Of Petroleum Resource Taxes And Dues Under Low-carbon Economic Background

Most countries, especially developed countries, have paid more and more attention to global warming, which boosts the development of low-carbon economy. China has an evident characteristic of high-carbon economy and the contradiction between environment and economy is emerging, which make China under great pressure from other countries. As a fossil energy, petroleum releases a proportion of greenhouse gas. The international has regulated greenhouse gas as a pollutant. Most countries control carbon release via various approaches. Major oil companies also take greenhouse gas reduction as the most important social responsibility. However, it is a must to guide oil companies to operate in a low-carbon mode as the government is lack of regulation measures and Chinese oil companies lack the conscious to take on carbon reduction responsibilities. As is known to all, taxation is effective in policy execution and market regulation. How to lead oil companies to conduct low carbon technology innovation and energy conservation through the reform of the peculiar taxes and dues in petroleum industry is the key issue of this paper.At the beginning, this paper introduces current petroleum taxes and dues system and makes a qualitative analysis of petroleum taxes and dues combined with the core of low carbon economy. Then, this paper formulates the CGE model of petroleum taxes and dues in China, compiles the Social Accounting Matrix as the basic data, calibrates the parameters, solves the model with GAMS and analyzes the results. Next, this paper discusses the reasons and ways of introducing carbon tax and analyzes the results. At last this paper proposes advice on petroleum taxes and dues reform. The author holds that under low carbon economic setting, the reform of petroleum taxes and dues should highlight the resource character and carbon release character of petroleum resource, and takes this as the basic principle of the reform. Petroleum taxes and dues reform should coordinate enterprise benefits, resident welfare, government finance and economy growth.