On The Location Models And Algorithm Of Emergency Systems

With accelerated development of economy globalization, industrialization and urbanizations of most countries, serious natural calamity, accidents, public sanitation incidents and social security incidents happen occasionally, and new problems emerge endlessly. Therefore, the research on emergency system is of great realistic signification.This paper systematically studies location problem in emergency management. Based on the theory of Operations Research,the model for emergency management is established and the corresponding algorithms under many different conditions are derived.Firstly, the location problem of single emergency service is analyzed. Based on the shortest path problem and classical absolute center model, an algorithm of absolute center problem is discussed, by using the least distance matrix and the optimum path matrix. The algorithm is direct perception, simple, easy using. Considered the status of emergency systems, a single-facility model based on minimum fee is given, on the premise of satisfying the emergency systems'exigency.Secondly, the single-facility model is extended to the p-facility model. Presume the emergency facilities are chosen from vertexes. Then fix on the least number of facilities their locations with set-covering heuristic function, such that the maximum distance from a random incident to the closest facility is less than or equal to a specified value, and the sum of distance between incident and the closest facility is the minimum.Lastly, the forenamed models are primarily based on minimization of either cost or distance. There are two aspects of limitations: the singleness of objective and obligation. Like most real-world problems, location decision involves a multitude of quantitative and qualitative factors including economic, technical, social and secure factors. To avoid the flaw, a location model by combing AHP/DEA and goal programming is presented. Set up the judgment matrix of the projects, work out the relatively power, ensure their combination power, by which ensure their quality, choose the best in the end.