Research On Land Use And Land Cover Change And Its Driving Power Based On GIS And RS In Northwest Area Of Liaoning Province

The analytical research of land use/cover change(LUCC)is a hot topic nowand takes an important part of international environmental research, but now, theresearch is mostly going on by various statistical data which include RS imageanalysis and monitoring data.This paper uses software of ENVI MAPGIS to make some treatment whichincludes RS image, projection correction analysis of interpretation vector, etc,which are mentioned in remote sensing images of 1988 and 2000, then usingMarkov chain model to research LUCC, the conclusion is:(1)The analysis of RS processing analysis shows that the areas of infield iscontinuously increasing, the proportion between paddy land and glebe changes alot, it appears as the increasing of glebe and the reducing of paddy land. Duringthe 1980s, the area of infield is about 12796.4275km2, among them glebe takes10979.9625km2 which is 85.5% of the whole infield, and paddy land takes1876.465km2 which is 14.2% of the whole range. The whole range of infieldtakes 79.8% of the drainage area. In 2000 the area of infield is about13090.3574km2 which takes 81.6% of the drainage area, according to the abovementioned, farmers'agricultural activities are comparatively more than before.The area of woodland is reducing sharply, it certifies the area of doing agriculturalactivities is further expanding vertically, the light and lighter desertification landis reducing greatly and the area in severe and severer degree of desertification isincreasing. It is owe to the influence of human activities, so the desertificationextent is going deterioration.(2)The result of Markov chain model indicates the trend changingprocession of using land in the northwest area of Liaoning province shows thatthe proportions of the area which consists of glebe, salty land, shoal andresidential area are in the process of increasing. This kind of situation is originated from two main factors. First, since our country established, thegovernments of each level all paid great attention on the research andinvestigation of the desertification, on the basis of it they also made some plansof solution, the national government allocates specialized fund on conducting thesolution which also takes an obvious effect, so that the sectional climate and thequality of soil is all improved a lot. Secondly, part of the light and severedesertification is exploited as the infield, so these parts of land are classified intothe infield.(3)In the northwest area of Liaoning province, the power of driving LUCCis owe to the effect of both nature and mankind factors, the districts of working inthe lower reaches of the West Liao River, which is located on the north ofLiaoning Province, and it is well known for"granary in the north of Liao". Thelandforms of this area are mainly manual wet land, it is abundant of waterresources because West Liao, East Liao, Zhao Su Tai River, Cheng River, XiuShui River, Liu River and Yang Xi Min River are all going through this area. Bymeans of researching analysis of the machine-processed driving LUCC, owing tothe great change of the big climate and the endless exploiting the nature resourcesfor desire, the resources of water are reducing quickly now and its quality isworsened year by year, then proceed to threaten the whole ecological system.Although the area of infield has increased by about 300km2, the paddy land area isreducing by nearly 500km2, which takes 27.7% of the total natural paddy field,most of the reduced paddy are changing from paddy ecosystem into the glebeecosystem for being short of water. This leads to lower the water conservation. Inaddition, human activities speed up the rate of conversion from the woodland andgrassland ecosystem to glebe. The explanation shows the lost woodland is nearly140km~2, the statistics from the viewpoint area of rivers and reservoirs indicatesthat the prospect of water environment is not optimistic. From late 1980s to today,the area has reduced 87km2. As the two RS datum are mostly concentrated on theregional low water season, so the datum is more reliable and representative. (4)The comprehensive management of salinazation and desertification wecan prevent the continuous deterioration of the land, and restore the originalecological environment, guarantee the continuable development of agriculturaleconomy. This kind of management must be based on geological conditionswithout blind governances, we should organically combine the whole agriculturalproduction and the human being environment together, thereby to achievecoordinated development of population growth, then protect the environment.Generally speaking, because of human activities the regional ecosystem hasbeen showing a growing trend to a single development, gradually converted toartificial ecosystem. The large water surface coverage rate reduction makes theregional ecosystem further deterioration. Although so far, saline land dosen'tincrease in the region, its changing trends are becoming obviously, themanagement must be dealed with on time to realize continuable development ofland resource.