The Study On The Theory And Model Of Environmental Technology Assessment

The technology advancement is the character of society development. Though technology advancement has enhanced the human life, it also leads into society and environment destruction. The gas engine is the primary drive for developing industries, but it is also a vital factor of actinochemistry fogs. Another example, Freon has the effect of refrigeration, but it can also destroy the ozone layer. The fertilizers and pesticides have increased the crop production, but it also can pollute the environment. Anaesthetics can decrease the human freshly pain, but it can also place a premium on cancers and cerebra damages. These all result from the technology and acid rains in Asia, Europe and North America. The technology itself is neutral, but as if connected with some intentions, it will not be neural anymore. The nuclear technology can be used in peace, but can also be used in killing the people. The microorganism technology can be used in the medicine and food manufacturing, but can also be used in germ warfares.Thus it can be seen that the complexity of the technology urges us to recognize its nature over again. The technology does not exist exclusively, but interacts with the surroundings. Each technology has some effects in the environment. Some effects are positive, but still some not. But the environmental effect evaluation of the technology in this paper will put the emphases on the negative effects of technology interventions. This paper will discuss the environmental effects of the technology as follows.The first chapter begins with the research background of the environmental effect evaluation of the technology , and puts the emphases on the domestic and foreign research situation of the effect, through these research we analyze the refer meaning and the existent problems of the environmental effects of the technology. After the analyses, the research emphases and key problems of this paper will be introduced. The second chapter is the theoretical basis of environmental technical evaluation. We begin with the relative theories of environmental technology assessment, discuss the technical evaluation theory, sustainable development theory, bionomics theory and systematic science theory. Then this chapter takes the research on the theory of the environmental technical evaluation according to related theories. It mostly includes the concept, research content, nature, character, environmental stress, technique having influence on environment, evaluation instruments, environmental effect evaluation, risk evaluation, life cycle evaluation, which have differentiations in purpose, scale, criterion and so on. Finally, this chapter reaches the conclusion that the evaluation instruments of environmental technical evaluation have more advantages than other evaluation instruments.The third chapter discusses the form and its causes of technological negative effect. The form is discussed in two levels: the nature level and the society level. And the root is discussed in the levels of the axiology, epistemology, science, economy, and society, through these research we can get a better understand the technological negative effect. Thus we have a sufficient preparation for the technology applied to practice. The fourth chapter discusses the building of the indicator system of the environmental technical evaluation and the model. The building of the indicator system basically includes the factor recognition and filtration of the influence of technology on environment , the building principle and content of the indicator system, through these research this chapter builds the environmental evaluation indicator system of the technology in road constructing. The paper use fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) based on triangular fuzzy number which makes the experts scoring more accurate. This method improved the evaluation scientifically. We build fuzzy analytic hierarchy process model based on triangular fuzzy number in road construction by combining triangular fuzzy number with FAHP,The fifth chapter is empirical research. The results prove that the indicator system and model are scientific. The sixth chapter makes a summary of this paper and puts forward the next research direction.In the written process of the paper, announced a article which is related to this paper on science management of Harbin institute of technology and international conference, the title of the article is:《The Study on the System of the Environmental Effects of Technology Assessment》(Manuscript Number :06040434),which is published by publishing company of Harbin institute of technology. The article can be inspected on the ISTP and EI. This paper concretely analyzes the meaning and implement steps of environment effect evaluation of technology, and puts forward conceptive principle of the evaluation indicator according to the main latent influence factors, establishes the indicator system of the technique environment effect, according to the complexity of the technology environment influence and the illegibility of the evaluation factors, this article build the fuzzy evaluation model. This article establishes the indicator system of environment effect evaluation of technology and evaluation model are convincing complement about technology evaluation, which are the solid foundation of objectively scientific technology evaluation.Firstly, through above research the paper hopes it can deeply analyze about the development feature and theories of environment effect evaluation of technology, it can fill up the research blank in the related area. Secondly, though researching about theories and methods of environment effect evaluation of technology, it can improve the availability of technical evaluation. Thirdly, though the research about the method of technological environment effect evaluation, the paper establishes method system of environment effect evaluation of technology in order to build a harmonious society, which is carry out the innovation of method about environment effect evaluation of technology. Finally, through above research, this paper can provide standard, method and models of environment effect evaluation of technology for departments of technique environment effect, serving for economic benefit of the decision and harmonious socialization.