Study On The Chinese Rural Security System Of Supporting The Old Coping With Aging Of Population

Monihan points out:"the quality of the nation civilization can be reflected from the attitude and method looking after old people."We can perceive the great importance of supporting the old to society from this. Face the impingement of aging of population, how to resolve the problem of supporting the aged population is becoming the focus. China has the most aged population in the world, the old people above 65-year-old accounts for one fifth of the world, half of Asia. Three fourths of Chinese old population are rural old population, it means Chinese rural old population is on the first place in the world. The trend of rural aging of population is aggravating continually, and it has brought austere challenge to the rural security of supporting the old. So it is very urgent and necessary to build the good security system of supporting the old in the rural area actively.The article utilizes the theory of the demography and the social security ,on the basis of drawing lessons from the experts and scholars'study, conducts the systematic research on the rural old security system from the angle of aging of population, analyzes the current existence questions for the rural old security system ,and put forward the corresponding proposal .The article divides into six parts altogether:In foreword part, it suggest that the degree of Chinese rural aging of population is deep, the aged problem is gradually outstanding. So it has important practical significance to build the new rural security system of supporting the old coping with the challenge of aging of population as soon as possible. Chapter one as research foundation, firstly introduced the related concepts, and then mentioned some academic viewpoints on the question of rural old security in the present stage ,especially refer to the typical viewpoints of several experts ,such as FanHailin,WangYicai, MuGuangzong. Finally it introduced the research methods, which used comparative analysis method, the approach of combining theory with actual facts, the approach of combining the qualitative analysis with the quantitative analysis.Chapter two mainly introduced the present situation and the tendency of Chinese rural aging of population .The present rural aging of population situation in China is showed by two aspects. One is the rural aging of population degree is higher than the urban aging , the distance of the city and the rural aging of population is expanding; the other is the speed of the rural aging of population in developed areas obviously is faster than in the undeveloped area. For the development tendency of China rural aging of population, according to the datum of the future 50 year population forecasted by the experts of the State Statistical Bureau , we can find the speed of Chinese aging of population in the first half of 21st century is too fast, it will achieve the peak time between 2020-2040. Also the article has quoted the forecast of Professor Zeng Yi in 1992 which is about the proportion of the rural and the city old age population ,it indicated the aging degree in rural is higher than the city, the rural aging of population will be a quite serious issue in future.Chapter Three introduced the current situation of the Chinese rural security system of supporting the old , giving the connotation of the system of the household enjoying the five guarantees and society endowment insurance, and then using large amount of data to give the current situation of these several kinds detailed explanation respectively.Chapter Four analyzed the question about the Chinese rural security system of supporting the old . The problem of providing for the aged about the family supporting mainly reflected in three respects: the heavy aged burden leading by the change of population age structure; the reduction of the field function to guarantee the old supporting; the old security problem of the peasant of losing field and peasant labor. The problems of the five guarantees are insufficient fund and the limit effect of the geracomium. The problems of rural society endowment insurance embodies the following five aspects: management level is low; covering is small; mutual aid is bad; system is unsteady; it is short of government financial support.Chapter Five proposed the project of new type of rural security for supporting the old. It expounded the overall idea and the concrete steps. It mainly showed in four aspects: Carrying out the family subsidization plan, completing the function of the family supporting the old ; advancing the rural society old-age insurance positively; increasing the economical support of the government ; strengthen the legislative work of the rural old security.The conclusion part mainly expressed the idea to the study on the rural security of supporting the old.