The Function And Its Limit Of The Peasant Association

From the termination of War II to the middle of 1970s, Japan has accomplished the agricultural modernization and ranked the top of the world within less than 30 years. The achievement like this benefits from several factors, among which, JA (Japan Agricultural Association ) is the most important one that cannot be ignored. After War II, based on the experience of the western country's development of agriculture, Japan built the unique JA according with Japanese nation, few land compared with large population and the small-scale farming. JA alleviates effectively the contradiction between the small-scale farming of the dispersed peasant and the socialization of the market. This promoted the modernization of the Japanese agriculture.This article observes and analyses JA systematically including the below facets: the generation and the development, the structure of the organization and the function, the funds and the resource and its future, aiming at demonstrating the background, the social basis, the organization, the function and the operational model of JA. Besides it is also for the purpose of investigating the relationship among the government, JA and peasants, the role that the government plays in the development of modern agriculture and the pattern, the limit and the function of peasants' organization.RP of China is greatly similar to Japan at the agriculture. They both have the small-scale fanning with fewer land and more people. The experience of JA will enlighten the current development of our nation.The full article is divided into three parts: the introduction, the main body ,and the discussion.The introduction shows the reason to choose the dissertation, the subject of the research, and practical significance. The first chapter analyzes the origination and development of JA to explain the background and the history of the origination of JA. The second chapter describes and analyzes the constitution , function and effect of JA. The third chapter inspects the activities and the form it runs, includes how JA run their professional work and the feature of it. The forth chapter analyzes where the fund of JA come form, and how to use it. The fifth chapter summarizes organization features of JA, then analyzes the current difficulties it faces to and the development of the future; the discussion chapter analyzes the relationship of the Japanese farmer ,the government and the JA, and explains the problems we have to notice from organizing farmers and constituting of JA. The purpose of the fifth chapter is to give a example to our country in constituting of our peasant association.In this article, it is considered that since the modern JA shaped the unique organization system, service system and operation system, it has been more than half century. JA not only directed the production and living of the peasants, but also was the loyal executive of the government policy, at the same time, it was the representative of interest of the peasant, being the bridge between the government and the peasants. By communicating with the government, JA, on behalf of the peasants, influenced the policy of the government on striving for and protecting the peasants' interest while the government shifted some function to the JA, by which controlled the village economy and carried out policy of agriculture and of the village. JA played a great role in the production and development of Japanese agriculture, protection of the peasants' interest, performing of the agricultural policy and organizing and dominating of the rural society, which made great contribution to the development of post-war agricultural even the country economy and the take-off of the post-economy. However, there was an administrationizational and profitizational trend in JA. It cost the society a lot while it succeeded in maintaining the peasants' interest. JA had its own functional limit, especially in the background of the globalization, and was confronted with many difficulties and problems and new reform and transfer. It is very necessary to organize the dispersed peasants both in the agricultural production and the social management, but with the precondition of the peasants' voluntary cooperation. The systematization of peasants and the construction of JA cannot be departed from the support of government and the country; JA relies on the cooperation and making double wins, and must guard and prevent the administrationization and profitization or self-profitizaton. Only on the basis of intersupport and cooperation can the peasants, JA and the government make co-wins.