Economic Research On Employment Discrimination Of Migrant Rural Workers

Since the practice of open door policy, with the flexibility of dual barrier between city and country, the market, urbanized and modernized tenor speeds up and the peasants who break away from the land ceaselessly enter into the city to find a job. However, the peasants are not a kind of occupation appellation but only a kind of status symbol in china for a long time as a result of a series of systems arrangement. Although the peasants have entered the city and been engaged in a new occupation, they are actually difficult to change the original status. Thus a special group which does not be accepted by the present system appears in china, they are called migrant rural workers for they are non-workers and non-peasants but somewhat workers and peasants. The migrant rural workers occupy the bottom of the city labor market and have to be engaged in the dirty, painstaking, hard and tired work. As an inferior group, their legitimate rights are frequently offended and personal dignities are repeatedly trampled. They themselves are discriminated against by all circles of society, especially in the aspect of employment.This thesis mainly involves the following analytical methods: comparative analysis, cost and income analysis, geometric figural analysis, mathematical formula analysis, partial equilibrium analysis, general equilibrium analysis and system supply-demanding contradictory analysis; at the same time, this thesis deeply analyzes employment discrimination to migrant rural workers in our country on the basis of fully grasping historic literature.This paper defines the migrant rural workers, employment discrimination and employment discrimination of migrant rural workers to limit the scope for the research. The paper points out that employment discrimination of migrant rural workers in city labor market is very serious and common, and probes the performance about this problem before migrant rural workers entering labor market, after entering labor market and out of labor market. Performance of Employment discrimination before labor market is education discrimination; performance of employment discrimination in labor market is seeking-job discrimination including employment entrance discrimination and employment opportunity discrimination; in-job discrimination includes employment treatment discrimination, employment training discrimination, employment security discrimination; and off-job discrimination includes the unpaying tail-funds and unreturning certificate; performances of employment discrimination off labor market are not having the lowest social security money and pension. The reasons for employment discrimination of migrant rural workers are very complicated. This paper tries to make reasonable explanation to employment discrimination of migrant rural workers in labor market using western theories of taste-for-discrimination, of monopoly-power, of statistical-discrimination. However, the conclusion is that the western theories of labor market discrimination are not so powerful in explanation of the problem. The western theories of employment discrimination are essentially a kind of market failure, while the main cause of employment discrimination of migrant rural workers in China is not market failure, but government failure. The paper has analyzed the origin and the movement mechanism of discrimination from three levels: system supply in short, system oversupply, and the path dependence. The employment discrimination of migrant rural workers have the profound influence on employment of urban workers, flow of migrant rural workers, cost and income of enterprise as well as welfare of entire society. Therefore, the government must renew ideas, increase and improve anti-discrimination employment system, as well as weaken and eliminate discrimination employment system in order to help migrant rural workers to realize stable employment, harmonious employment and fair employment.In the end, the thesis summarizes the viewpoints of the full paper and draws five conclusions as follows: firstly, the roots of employment discrimination in china are system supply in short, system oversupply and the path dependence. Secondly, there are two basic relations between migrant rural workers and urban workers in the course of employment in city, which are the zero substitution and the substitution. Under the relationship of zero substitution, employment discrimination of migrant rural workers has no influence on employment of urban workers, instead will create lots of unemployed migrant rural workers; the substitution relation will help to enlarge employment scale of urban workers, but at the cost of employment opportunity loss of many migrant rural workers. From the angle of entire society, the results of discrimination will lead to reducing employment scale and economic movement deviating pareto efficiency. Thirdly, the employment discrimination of migrant rural workers will increase anticipated employment cost of migrant rural workers in city and reduce anticipated employment income, which weaken power of migrant rural workers to find a job in city and ultimately baffle migrant rural workers to transfer reasonably and regularly. Fourthly, the employment discrimination of migrant rural workers will increase enterprise'labor cost and total cost which lead to the reduction the total revenue of enterprise. The scope of cost-increasing and revenue-reducing lies on wage difference between migrant rural workers and urban workers as well as the proportion of migrant rural workers in the enterprise. Finally, the employment discrimination of migrant rural workers does harm to migrant rural workers who are lack of"natural resources"and does good to urban workers who are in control of a great deal of"natural resources". The gains of urban workers can't compensate the loss of migrant rural workers, which creates the loss of the whole social welfare and makes the economic movement deviating pareto efficiency.