On The Government's Responsibility For Pension And Health Insurance Schemes In Rural Areas

Social Security is a government for all the people, for various reasons, and lost their source of income, living in poverty, to provide them protection. China's rural social security system is an important component part of the whole social security system. and pension and health insurance in the rural social security system also occupies a pivotal role. How to further improve and develop the rural pension and health insurance, eventually gradually improved and the development of rural social security system so that all members of society embodies fairness, justice, narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas to improve China's social security system will be an important topic.First:China's rural areas and the responsibility of the government pension and medical insurance content analysis(Ⅰ)The content of the rural old-age insurance. Between the mid-1980s they began to explore the establishment of the rural social endowment insurance system. In July 1999, the State Council decided to revamp the existing business practice, stopped accepting new business. From the above development stage, so far, China's rural social endowment insurance and the practice was not successful.(Ⅱ)Rural Medical Insurance connotations. At present, China's rural medical insurance generally are cooperative medical overall solution hospitalization, preventive care, such as cooperation in various forms. the cooperative medical service which is the most common form. Practice shows that the rural cooperative medical system is the broad masses of peasants by pooling together a good way to resist disease risk.(Ⅲ)The content of the government's responsibility. The exercise of public authority in the government sector, the government is a duty, its purpose was to achieve the "public welfare." The World Bank's World Development Report 1997 in the protection of vulnerable groups as a government responsibility and the core mission one.Second:Strengthen government pension and health insurance schemes in rural areas of the necessity and inevitability of responsibility(Ⅰ)Rural pension and health insurance for active role in the socio-economic requirements strengthen the government's responsibility. Rural pension and health insurance needs of the majority of farmers adjust as an automatic stabilizer. in the area of economic regulation and social security in rural areas with other means irreplaceable role.(Ⅱ) Rural pension and health insurance requirements of the government's public service role needs to strengthen the government's responsibility. How to play the main role. directly determine the quality of the government to provide public goods shown in the level of public services.(Ⅲ)Rural pension and health insurance requirements of the role of government needs to strengthen the government's responsibility. From a legal perspective, the government can only within the framework of the rule of law will regulate the rural pension and health insurance; Rural pension and health insurance from the operating mechanism, through the coercive power of government to establish the social security system. Meanwhile, the government can also reduce costs, resist financial risks to help rural pension and health insurance funds play a role in bringing the crisis.(Ⅳ) Constitutional obligation to strengthen the government's responsibility. Enjoy the rural pension and health insurance is a constitutional rights of the rural population. and the development of rural pension and health insurance industry should assume the country is a constitutional obligation. Naturally, including the broad masses of peasants.(Ⅴ)Require changes in the socio-economic structure of rural strengthen the government's responsibility. With the reform and opening up, a new generation of young people in rural areas to dilute the concept of pension, a progressive weakening of traditional family support. And time farmers rely on the collective security lost because of the implementation of the household contract responsibility system with remuneration linked to output in the economy built basis. These changes urgent need to strengthen the government's responsibility to establish and improve pension and medical insurance systems.Third:In rural pension and health insurance a lack of responsibilityI think that still rely on the land for farmers and substantial movement in the cities, "migrant workers" his pension and health insurance, there are still a lot of problems in rural areas is the fundamental reason for pension and the lack of medical liability insurance missing.(Ⅰ)Imperfect legal system.1. Legislative lagging rural old-age insurance.2. Incomplete rural medical insurance system of laws and regulations.3. Social insurance for the migrant workers no special laws or regulations nationwide.(Ⅱ)Rural pension and health insurance model design and choice of the malaise. From an overall perspective, the current pension and medical insurance system in rural areas could not afford the future impact of the arrival of the peak rural aging.(Ⅲ)China's migrant workers to transition in management of this special group of social insurance. Due to the uniqueness of migrant workers, the government, the management of migrant workers lag. One migrant workers place of employment, and mobile. Second, the rural social security has not been established, when the return of the rural migrant workers and their social insurance can not be sustained in the towns and transfer. Third, it is unstable and low-income migrant workers generally do not have the economic ability to pay social insurance premiums. offer no sense to pay premiums.(Ⅳ)Serious deficiencies in the regulatory responsibility. Although recent government to strengthen the supervision of social insurance funds in the rural areas. However, the actual rural pension and health insurance operating results, the reforms failed to achieve the desired goal. serious deficiencies in the regulatory responsibility of the government.1. Rural pension and health insurance funds management deficiencies.2. Information management work.3. The unrealistically high administrative costs.Fourth:Strengthen pension and medical insurance system in rural China responsibility of the government countermeasures(Ⅰ)The government should uphold the principles1. The integration principle. The government should change the long-term practice of re-City Light rural policies, the integration of the objectives and direction. pension and medical insurance in the rural areas should be increased investment in agriculture, rural areas have to raise the level of the pension and health insurance.2. Conditions principle. The government should farmers around the needs of social security pension and health insurance, the difference in ability to pay. establish different levels of rural pension and health insurance standard conditions, a step-by-step manner.3. Varies principle. From the different groups on the need to choose different types of the types most in need.4. Individual accounts accumulated principle. All funds into personal accounts, in such circumstances can surrender or relocate policyholders, This will help guarantee that farmers participating in the social security pension and health insurance initiative, and is also conducive to the operational flexibility of the system.(Ⅱ)Establish and improve pension and medical insurance systems of government responsibilityAs China's largest farmers vulnerable groups, they are more concerned with the protection by the government. The government pension and medical insurance system in rural China has an unshirkable responsibility.1. According to medical conditions for the rural old-age insurance system and the design and choice of responsibility. As the main players in the reform of the system design should consider the following options : First, starting from the actual situation in China's rural areas. Second, it is necessary to establish a multi-level, the diversification of the rural pension and health insurance system. Third, it is necessary to increase the urban social security system of tolerance.⑴Improvement and innovation in the rural old-age insurance. Family pension security and uphold the system of combining social endowment insurance, and gradually raise the level of pension.⑵Actively develop new cooperative medical system. Medical insurance system in rural areas should actively establish a multi-level, multi-type rural medical security system.2. Take various measures to increase the income of peasants, and strengthen the capacity of farmers insured responsibility. This is a rural old-age benefit and the reform of the medical insurance system's fundamental responsibilities. The duty of the government is : on the one hand, to adopt various measures to adjust the industrial structure, increase investment in agriculture, through various channels to increase the income of peasants; the other hand, truly reduce the burdens on farmers, and let them recuperate.3. To provide financial support to rural medical insurance and pension obligations. The government should adjust the structure of financial expenditure and to increase the total expenditure on social security. particularly pension and medical insurance is to increase investment in rural areas and establish a balanced, and regulate the financial transfer payment system. pensions and health insurance for rural assume corresponding responsibilities.4. Rural pension and health insurance legislation and regulatory responsibilities. Legislative reform of the social security system is the legal basis for this regulation is to ensure the follow-up.5. Adjustment of the relationship between the main responsibility for coordinating interests. The establishment of pension and medical insurance system in rural areas will have many other interests, They need to coordinate between the interests, only the government is able to assume this responsibility.