On The Determinants Of National Knowledge Competitiveness And Its Promoting Path

In the era of knowledge economy, a nation's comparative advantage and competitive advantage were determined by national knowledge competitiveness. The national knowledge competitiveness is regarded as a nation's ability founded on the basis of knowledge production, distribution, diffusion, management and application, which relies on the knowledge and technology innovation, supported by knowledge industry, so as to bring about a sustained development of the economy. However, up to date, the domestic understanding about the national knowledge competitiveness is still not so deep, the theoretical fundamental of its evaluation is rather weak, the only research is limited in the concept of national knowledge competitiveness, the tentative discussion of cultivating the national knowledge competitiveness based on the microcosmic scope or some kind of angles, lacking adequate theoretical support. In the dissertation, the determinants of national knowledge competitiveness are including knowledge economy outputs, human capital, knowledge capital, intellectual properties and knowledge infrastructure. On this basis, the author complies with the basic principle of national knowledge competitiveness evaluation system, provides a new rational evaluation system.In the middle of 1990s, China gives priority to the development of science, technology and education in policy, put large fund in knowledge infrastructure, and carries out a positive reform in varied fields to fit in with the economic and social development. The successful enforcement of some national programs and other programs for the development of science and technology has established the preliminary structure of China's knowledge economy. China has made an important breakthrough in the national knowledge competitiveness cultivation and the knowledge economy development.But no matter under what circumstance, the situation of China's knowledge competition allows of no optimistic view:the general level of China's knowledge economy and the inventive patent per capita is still low, the independent innovation ability is limited, the intensity of R&D investment is on the low side, the knowledge input-output ratio is not high, the knowledge infrastructure is limited and the"digital gap"is in existence and has a tendency of enlargement. According to the angles of system and economy, the cause of knowledge gap is mainly including the following:the capability of knowledge competition is comparatively low, the policy stimulation of knowledge competition is not strong, the market mechanism of knowledge competition is inferior, the infrastructure environment of knowledge competition is rather weak. Therefore, in accordance with the China's actual conditions of the national knowledge competitiveness, use the successful experience of developed countries for reference, China should formulate a series of strategic measures and policies for promoting the knowledge development,improve and perfect the system of national knowledge industry and the national knowledge security, strengthen the system of national knowledge innovation as soon as possible, devote major efforts to cultivating qualified personnel and establish the knowledge infrastructure, so as to achieve the target of a powerful knowledge-developed state.