A Comparative Study About Village Construction Around The 1930s Between Liang Shuming And Fei Xiaotong

As a large agricultural country,rural issues have been linked to the fate and the development of china. In the 1930s before and after, studying villages and advocating rural construction became a landscape. Thinking on the building of village of Liang Shuming and Fei Xiaotong reflects the thinking of China's elites ,who lived in that era and thought China's destiny. By comparing and carding their rural construction during this period ,we can inspected differences in the causes, the conception and practice results clearly. Differences of their rural construction attributable to the differences views about the understanding of the basic problems in the rural areas and the path of rural construction. And eventually it leads to the differences of practical results. By comparing their views .The problems which they faced and the path choice they encountered in the rural construction still happen today. It is the significance to compare their views . I hope to reflect the reality of history and provide reference for rural construction today.There are five sections in this dissertation:The first section deals with the rural construction of china in the 1930s before and after. During this period , China's rural society encountered a lot of problems and this led discussion about the village construction. Liang Shuming and Fei Xiaotong are the two representatives. Liang Shuming advocated cultural improvement , Fei Xiaotong advocated economic improvement. Their views represent two different paths about rural construction.The second section deals with the formation of their thinking about rural construction .It includes the basic rural problem , the analysis of the traditional culture of china and the traditional"social structure". Liang Shuming think that , the fundamental problem is rural culture disorders .Therefore rural reconstruction means to redevelopment the new custom and the new organizational structure. Fei Xiaotong believes that the problem of hunger in rural areas is the most important issue,only take local industry, the economy roads to rebuild rural . Because of the differences on the fundamental issue , they decided to treat the traditional cultural differently. Fei Xiaotong begins to shift to the technology and the spirit of pragmatism to practice his views. And he took on the traditional culture regardless .The third section deals with their ideas of building villages. Liang Shuming thought that the only way to solve rural problems is to build new customs villages and to address the cultural imbalance villages ,in order to stimulate other problems. Liang Shuming created the village school, rural school ,the institutions ,as a "new social structures" to promote rural construction. And he hoped to stop the peasant movement of the Communist Party . On the construction of rural power sources, Liang Shuming pinning hopes on intellectuals and the combination of rural residents. Fei Xiaotong expects to restore rural enterprises,and takes the road of rural industrialization to solve rural problems. He proposes the development of new forms of local industry to restore rural enterprises , and the local industry is a new form of the traditional strength of the new combination of power. Its main feature is the most extensive corporate earnings which can be allocated to farmers. In addition ,the development of local industries still need several conditions: capital,technology and talent.The fourth section are some analysis about their ideas of village construction .village Construction related to a series of important issues ,for example, the relationship between the state power and the village,the construction of rural power sources,the status of farmers,the organizational construction. They discussed these problems and these problems in today's new building in the rural areas we still need to face and careful consideration.Path selection and practice results are discussed in the last section .Liang Shuming and Fei Xiaotong analyze problems in the rural areas from the traditional culture, and also get the similar conclusions that the traditional culture of innovation adapt to the needs of the requirements of the times. However,because the understanding of the problem in rural areas is different, in practice operation, they choose a different strategy. Liang Shuming adheres to inherit and develop the traditional culture, chooses the form of improved rural construction to practice rural construction. Fei Xiaotong raised the banner of technology and embarked on the road of economic improvement. Therefore, in essence, the former is on the cultural significance of the building. The latter rural construction is on the economic significance .They choose different paths ,as well as national political and economic changes in the situation ,led to different results in practice .