A Study Of The Effect Of Shared Resource On Entrepreneurial Orientation Of New Venture

In the later of 18th century, Industry cluster sprang up gradually in western countries. It is argued that geographical agglomerations (i.e. industrial districts) benefit firms in very different ways. Indeed, this assumption has been argued theoretically throughout the economics tradition and the evidence of the advantage of clustered firms has been shown in both theoretical and empirical research. However, researchers have rarely investigated and verified with precision the existence of the factors explaining the advantages of these firms. F. Xavier Molina-Morales and M. Teresa Martínez-Fernández argue that the competitive factors of the industrial district can be related to recent firm strategy research.Moreover, in order to link the idea of the industrial district with firm strategy perspectives, They use the notion of shared resources, taken as referring to those intangible resources and capabilities shared by industrial district firms. They are neither exclusive to nor the property of the individual firm and they are not made available to outside firms. Peter Maskell(2001) proposed that industry cluster had one important ways to grandness: new venture within industry cluster. due to the contribution of new venture in promote development of local economy, and lighten the pressure of employment, and fortune creation and so on, new venture in the industry cluster has become focus of scholars.But the key questions are: What is the relationship between the shared resources and a new venture?and what degree the shared resources of industry cluster contribute to the new venture?Based on Miller"s research,we find the directions of them.Miller published his important paper in 1983, in which he attempted to transfer entrepreneurial orientation from an individual-level to an organization one.Miller also sent an inspiring signal to the enterprise: once the correct influencing factors are found, the entrepreneurial orientation might be improved, and the firm performance will be further improved. On this foundation, following scholars have conducted massive research to the entrepreneurial orientation. Entrepreneurial orientation is significant because firms that are more entrepreneurial in their orientation also achieve greater market and financial performance when compared with less entrepreneurial firms(Zahra&Covin,1995).The resource-based view of the firm, a theory developed primarily in strategic management, is also finding substantial relevance within the field of entrepreneurship. According to Barney's theories, enterprise's resources have become the most important factor to influence its long-term competitive advantage. This paper is to discuss the influence of resources to entrepreneurial orientation according to the resource-based theory. And it also takes root in such a special and important background- High-tech Industrial Cluster, to research the unique shared resources in Industrial Cluster, and its influence to entrepreneurial orientation in new venture.Based on both the survey to the chinese industry cluster and relavant research materials and theory, the article give a systematic research on the mechanism of shared resoures and entrepreneurial orientation in academic and empirial view. To sum up, the main conclusions of the article are following:chapter 1, gives an introduction to the study and a background together with a problem discussion and research questions, leading down to the purpose. Chater 1 accounts for the method chosen and applied in order to answer to the purpose. A discussion is held about several theoretical concepts regarding methodology relevant to the present study.chapter 2 made a summary on the basis of plenty of literature and material both in Chinese and foreign language, and then summarized the main theory and direction about shared resources and entrepreneurial orientation, thus finally , found its research key and formed its research frame.we pay much attention to the resouce-based view(RBV),.as the most influential framework for understanding strategic management ,RBV can theoretically inform and extend current research on entrepreneurship(Alvarez and Busenitz,2001).Much of the focus of RBV research has been on larger firms,yet smaller firms also face the need to acquire critical resources to create a sustained competitive advantage(SCA). RBV is just like a bridge which connect the whole theoretical sheme. Concerning the characters of our research, We defines"Industry Cluster","High-tech Industry Cluster","shared resources","entrepreneurial orientation"and so on.chapter 3 builds the conceptual model which analysises the relationship between shared resources and entreprenerial orientation within high-tech Industry cluster. Since the controversy in the academics about the dimensions of the entrepreneurial orientation and shared resources, we began to do detailed analysis on the basis of massive literature, and then proposed more reasonable dimensions and items. This paper divides shared resources into three dimensions: common reputation, intensity of exchange and combination of resources, and participation of the local institutions.; divides entrepreneurial orientation into five dimensions: innovativeness,risk taking,proactiveness,autonomy and competitive aggressiveness. based on the theoretical analysis, puts forward 13 hypotheses about the influence of common reputation on entrepreneurial orientation; the intensity of exchange and combination of resources on entrepreneurial orientation; the participation of the local institutions on entrepreneurial orientation.chapter 4 theoretical model and hypotheses we put forward are tested using AMOS software. The data are from questionnaire of 86 enterprises within Changchun industry cluster. Results of the test indicate that the model is well supported and 11 out of 13t hypotheses are supported.At the end of this chapter, a discussion is made on the test results, which further makes it clear that out research is of great importance both in theory and practice. We analyses the significance of hypotheses, which are supported and analyses the cause of hypotheses which are not supported according to the special development background of Changchun high-tech industry cluster. these important conclusions have been drawn: The shared resources do play some certain active role especially in the innovativeness, pro-activeness and competitive aggressiveness of new venture, but not actually in the improvement of risk taking, that means, when Industrial Clusters provide the new venture with the safeguard, it also enables them a certain risks.chapter 5: Inclusion and future expectation. This part summarizes the main contents of this thesis. However, because of the limit in ability and time, some researches still have deficiency, and the fruits are just temporary. And still have a lot of areas waiting us to explore.We have to notice the most significant thing this paper lay in practice, that is, because the survival rate of China's new venture was very low, the clusters could provide for its internal firms special resources, thus provided its special and important help for the new venture's development, the small and medium-sized enterprise collection should be one important tendency.This paper's important characteristic manifests in: Each tiny theory link, the author quoted the correlation theories to give the evidence, this is also under the instruction of her strict tutor result. Although the conclusion has both the theory significance and the practical significance, as a result of the time hasty and the author level's limitation, this paper definitely will have many insufficiencies. The relationship between resources and entrepreneurial orientation still has a lot of areas waiting us to explore.