Analysis On Government Responsibility In Rural Social Old-aged-insurance

As the stable system in the rural community, rural social security is not only the premise and foundation for the development of rural economy, but also"the safety valve"and"the shock absorber"of entire national economy and the social development. Rural social security in China is still quite weak, and as a part of rural social security , rural social old-aged-insurance also has a good few problems. Regarding the whole world, the aging impact is even more serious. Therefore, how to solve the retirement problem of old population, is already more and more became the focal point which the people pay attention. Comparing with other countries in the world, the aging degree of Chinese population is not the most serious, but its aging speed is actually the quickest in the developing country. Because China population base is so big that total quantity of old population is also most in the world ,old people above 65 year-old occupies 1/5 in the world, occupies 1/2 in Asian. In China, nearly 3/4 of old population are the countryside senior citizens, it also means that Chinese countryside old population is the most in the world. The unceasing aggravating of rural population aging tendency, has brought the stern challenge for the rural social old-aged-insurance.Therefore, the rural social old-aged-insurance system in China must be established and be consummated. As a result of the intense exterior of rural social old-aged-insurance system, it is not realistic to undertake this social function by the other social organization or the private enterprise. As social public interest representative, the government has the policy goals such as safeguard basic subsistence right and development right of members of different social classes, safeguard the stability of country and society. Therefore, the government has the duty to establish and development social security systems. The reason of this kind of situation is that the government has not arrived at its proper responsibility. This article will first comb the concept involved, then analysis the function as well as the evolving process of the government through reviewed the construction process of our rural social old-aged-insurance. The key point is to divide the government responsibility into four aspects: the political liability, the legal liability, the administrative responsibility and the moral duty, and elaborates its function as well as the solution in the rural social old-aged-insurance, in the foundation of classifying the government responsibility.In the first part of this article first analyzed the reason why to select this article, then analyzed its research significance, such as that it is advantageous in promoting the further development of construction in rural social old-aged-insurance system, is advantageous in promoting the development of rural economy, is advantageous in impulse accord development in entire society and so on. Then has analyzed the the research results former scholar had did in this question, elaborated the merit and the insufficiency of these achievement, clear about the writing method and the writing mentality of this article consequently, namely take the government responsibility as the theory frame to carry on the comprehensive analysis. Finally elaborated this article theory basis briefly, includes the government responsibility theory, the public product theory, the particularity of countryside public product as well as the retirement theories and correlation.After explanation related concept clearly, then review the rural social old-aged-insurance evolution in the second part of the main text. It is the beginning of study the rural social old-aged-insurance to inspects its historical vicissitude, the characteristic and the origin. And its help us to know the restriction factor of rural social old-aged-insurance, and also have the important meaning to explore the the countermeasure of rural social old-aged-insurance. Since be founded in 1949, the development of rural social old-aged-insurance may be divided into three times approximately: first is in 1949 October to 1957, the characteristic is that five guarantees old person depend upon the family retirement completely, five guarantee provides system seed. Henceforth the government starts to be responsible. Second is 1957 to 1977, the characteristic is the unifying of collective retirement and the family retirement, the characteristic of government responsibility is recessiveness. Third, in 1978 until now, the characteristic is development in the multiplication trend by the family safeguard primarily, the vacancy of government responsibility starts to return. After reviewing the rural social old-aged-insurance evolution, third part of the main text started analysis the problems in the rural social old-aged-insurance from the four aspects of government responsibility. The problems appears mainly about: First, in the political liability aspect, that government investment in the rural social old-aged-insurance is insufficiency , the rural social old-aged-insurance system the government organized is not perfect, the channel and the way flaw farmer benefit demand expressed is absent. Second, legal liability aspect, the government has not been able to make the corresponding laws and regulations to come the standard the rural social old-aged-insurance, the government responsibility supervising mechanism is absent, the illegal administrative main body's responsibility has not obtained the severe investigation. Third, administrative responsibility aspect, the management system of society guarantees is not to straighten out, the management of superannuation fund surveillance is not standard, the fund inflation-proofing and appreciation cannot guarantee. Fourth, moral duty aspect, responsibility consciousness and the legal awareness of the civil servant are not strong. And analysis the reason these question processed correspondingly .After summing up problems which in the rural social old-aged-insurance system, the fourth part of main text restructures the government responsibility question in view of the basis analysis proposed the third part. Such as: First, political liability construction, consummates the design of rural social old-aged-insurance system, provides the effective system supplies; Strengthens the dynamics of the financial support, perfect the fund and raises the mechanism and so on; Establishes the farmer to participate in the mechanism and so on. Second, legal liability construction, consummates the legislation, provides the legal safeguard; Establishes and perfect the government responsibility and the inspector general system; Severe investigation illegal responsibility of administration main body. Third, administrative responsibility construction ,straightening out management system; Strengthens management of the rural social old-aged-insurance system; Standards superannuation fund management and supervision. Fourth, moral duty construction, strengthens responsibility consciousness and legal awareness of civil servant and so on.