Study On Urban Rail Transit Pricing Model

Compared to other mass-transportation, urban rail transit has lots of advantages such as higher-speed, more safety, on-time, more fields saved, more transport, less energy taken and less pollution, etc. Therefore, it has been popularized by many middle and big cities which have realized that developing urban rail transit with big capacity is a traffic problem that is must to deal with. It counts for the profits of the government whether the institution of ticket price is reasonable, the citizens and the urban rail transit operator, so it has already become the key for the survival and development of the urban rail transit.First of all, this paper summarizes the matters which are taken into account when instituting the price, the pricing principles, methods and so on both in the domestic and (?)broad. Based on the different characteristics of different development periods, different pricing models are provided to apply for different periods.Secondly, a new urban rail transit pricing model based on the Bertrand-Nash equilibrium is proposed for the middle period of the urban rail transit development .In this model, the competition between the urban rail transit and the conventional public transit has been well considered, as well as the influence of the government policies(pricing controlling, pricing allowance).The rationality of the model has been proved through a idiographic numerical example, and the different effects of the different government policies are considered. Depending on the study of the past, a urban rail transit pricing model based on the bi-level programming is also proposed for the evening of the urban rail transit development .This model takes most account in the equilibrium of the network according to the network characteristic of the urban rail transit and the maximal profits of the urban rail transit operator in the last development period. At last, through the comparison of the two models, the situation of the urban rail transit and the people which the urban rail transit services for, the urban rail transit pricing advises are given.