| With the development of international trade, maritime transport service becomes more and more important. Since 1990s, a new organization"Shipping Alliance"has attracted more attention and researches about shipping alliances have started and developed. Shipping alliances are created for requirement of worldwide transporter and higher qualified transport service. Shipping alliances are also the creature of cooperation of shipping companies. Since, cooperation becomes more common and extensive. Every company wants to use alliances to share ports, reschedule lines, enhance frequency of shipment and accordingly the quality of transport service. Until now, there are four major shipping alliances: CKYH alliance, New World alliance, Grand alliance and Union alliance. The invention of shipping alliance marks cooperation more important beyond competition and these shipping companies are making efforts to cooperate more in shipping industry. Researches before often compared shipping alliances with other cooperated organization in order to discuss the pros and cons of alliances. This paper will use knowledge of economics to reveal the true incentive and to analyze the improvement of performance. At the same time, this paper hope the theoretical analysis can be helpful to development of shipping industry and companies.This paper analyzes shipping alliances from exterior environment to interior incentive. At first ,chapter 1 introduces the history and related theories of shipping alliances. Chapter 2 mainly introduces exterior environment of alliances. Through analysis of market structure and maritime trade barriers, this chapter shows a consolidated exterior background of creation of shipping alliances. And chapter 3 reveals the interior incentives of companies and makes out that profits are the original reasons why companies unites. This chapter also uses knowledge of Game Theory to analyze the invention of alliances, the equilibrium supply of shipment and the stability of shipping alliances. And then, chapter 4 chooses CKYH alliance as the object of empirical research. From the empirical data and use of related econometrical model, this chapter shows whether the setup of CKYH brings improvement of performance in fact. Chapter 5 gives some suggestions at last. |
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