Research On Japan Agriculture Insurance After WWâ…¡

Agriculture occupies an important place in the national economy which is both the foundation industry and weak industry. Peasants are suffered threaten by nature risk, social risk and economic risk. These risks seriously influence sustainable development of the agriculture. In addition, the peasants'farmlands are small and scatter in China. It makes the risk of the agriculture become weakness. The peasants'profit and agriculture economy in China are both in an extremely unstable constitution. Agriculture insurance is just a risk managing mechanism which is needed for shifting and scattering risk, sharing lost. The agriculture insurance is not in Chinese social risk compensation. Though our country had been launched a pilot project in many provinces in 2004, many projects can not be launched and lots of insurance company were suffering deficit for all kinds of reasons. How to develop our country's agriculture insurance? There are no correct answers from now on.Japan agriculture insurance is the agriculture protection policy which is the most stabilized, longest and covering the widest peasants so far. Comprehending and researching the Japanese success experience which is accumulating for many years is significantly for developing our country's agriculture insurance. This paper aim is inquiring into the success experience of Japan agriculture insurance, analyzing the effect and significant of Japan agriculture insurance. According to the development of our country's agriculture insurance, advance suggests for building up our nation's agriculture insurance.These are five chapters in this article.Chapter I deals with the summary of Japan agriculture insurance. To begin with, introduce the conception and peculiarity of the insurance. Agriculture insurance means insurance agent supply a economy safeguard insurance variety for peasants who had suffered with the risk of agriculture or contretemps in the farming work. It is propitious to the peasants optimize planting, improve environment, and promote sustainable development and protect plants. It has the specialty that legislation, oblige, the government supply proportional premium allowance and the government supply allowance for the operator who manage the agriculture insurance. In addition, it introduces the evolution and classification of Japan agriculture insurance. It has come thorough with starting, development and regulated phases. It can sort to crop insurance and fishery insurance.Chapter II is the management system of Japan agriculture insurance. It can sort to three organizations. Municipalities, towns and villages level agricultural Gran portfolio; Government and country level agriculture Gran portfolio Federation; Located in the province of agriculture forestry Special Gran reinsurance accounting. Apart form three levels of organization, but also established agriculture Gran Fund for the Federation of Gran portfolio loans. The first level manages the original insurance of agriculture insurance, the second level manages the reinsurance of agriculture insurance, third level manages the second reinsurance of agriculture insurance. The fund provides a loan for the first level. These three levels assort with each other, this correspond mechanism has the peculiarity of inspiring the passion to buy insurance avoiding the morality risk and contradictorily choose. It is good for risk management looking through the insurance and payment of claims.Chapter III induces and sums up the policy sustain to agriculture insurance by Japanese government. To begin with, the government establishes prefect jurisprudence. The legal system constructing is the premise and safeguard of agriculture insurance. It will be managed according the law unless the regular be established. Next, the government supplies finance sustain strongly. Finance sustain is the highly safeguard to keep the sustainable development of agriculture insurance. Third, it supplies reinsurance. It is the important content of Japan agriculture insurance that separate the risk by reinsurance or the fund. Finally, the government implement the manner that constraint insurance associate with unconstraint insurance, this implement is the basis principle to achieve the agriculture insurance running smooth. For these policies the sustainable development of agriculture insurance be protected very well.Chapter IV analyzes the effective of Japan agriculture insurance. It embodies that stabilize the income of peasants, exert the action of transferring payment and improve the Japan agriculture industrialization.Firstly, the effects for peasants of Japan agriculture insurance are stabilized the income, exerting the effect of transferring payment and providing a loan for peasants. Purchase the agriculture insurance makes peasants has some income in the year suffers by disaster. Agriculture insurance has ability to create money and insurance peasants can not worry about poor harvest. In addition, because of the government supplies allowance for Japan agriculture insurance, it makes the insurance reparations more than the premium. But this transfer payment make the peasants who live in the highly risk area get more than the peasants who live in the lowness. Furthermore, the agriculture insurance can provide a loan for peasants.Secondly, Japan agriculture insurance improves the agriculture industrialization. It includes that organize the isolated peasant economy, improve the Japan agriculture finance, boost the industrialisierte bewirtschaftung der landwirtschaft and protect the Japan agriculture. Japan agriculture insurance organize the isolated peasant economy, collect the money, affront the agriculture risk together, conquer the localization when the peasant economy faces the agriculture disaster. The efficiency in Japan agriculture insurance at the agriculture finance are making the agriculture deposit come true and supplying the loan for peasants. Agriculture insurance organizes the peasants'money and make it effective, boost the fund utilization rate improve constitute and develop of the agriculture finance, increase the Japan agriculture industry, accelerate the ruralcommodityconomy and money circulation. The efficiency in Japan agriculture insurance at agriculture industry are operating instruction, supplying the public service. The efficiency in Japan agriculture insurance at agriculture protection are the government and peasants sharing the premium, supplying reinsurance.Chapter V is the revelations of Japan agricultural insurance for our country. As a large developing agriculture nation, the virtuous circle of agricultural production makes an important role in the whole national economy. But as our poor agricultural infrastructure, backward modes of agriculture production, and the feeble constitution of the agricultural industry, so our country is one of the countries which suffer from natural disaster seriously. However, there exists unbalance between the agricultural insurance and the agricultural industry such as insufficient agricultural insurance supplies, incomplete agricultural insurance system, decentralized insurance capital management and the incomplete of government support system and so on. To solve the problems mentioned above, we should accelerate the laws, combine the obligatory insurance with the voluntary insurance, meanwhile, the government should offer the administrative and economic support. We should establish the insurance system with Chinese characteristics. In the author's opinion, the insurance innovation can regard property right as the tie, let the bank serves for the agricultural insurance, and establish a special department dealing with the agricultural insurance outside the present insurance system. And the agricultural insurance policies around the country should be different considering the differences of the local finance, of the objects of insurance and of the frequencies of the disasters.