Study On Rural Road Construction Investment Policy Of Jilin Province

Along with unceasing advancement of socialism modernization process, as well as the proposed objectives of building new socialist countryside and comprehensive construction of well-off society, the rural development is attached importance by central government and the entire society. Rural road construction is an important basic industry for rural economic and social development, is also the important content and one of most fundamental guarantees for building new socialist countryside. In quite a period of time, the rural road construction will maintain the strong development momentum. Funding is the critical problem for rural road construction, it is very urgent to research and formulate practical and feasible investment policies.Looking at the relations between rural road and rural economic social development, as the most important and even the only transportation method, the rural road is advantageous to the development of high yield, high quality and effective agriculture, promoting the development of commodity agriculture, optimizing the rural industrial production layout and structure, speeding up the urbanization step, and enhancing the quality of farmer's production and life.Since founding of the State especially the reform and open policy period, Jilin Province rural road construction has experienced three development phases, has achieved great achievement, but the total quantity is insufficient, lacking of construction funds, the construction troops cannot meet the requirements, classified instruction is lacking in construction standard, the rural road planning needs to be further consummated and strengthened. In the rural road construction funding channels, constructs the attendance, rural tractor road maintenance fee, the policy melt including the labor, "discussion of everything that happens" and etc, self-raising fund is the major part for rural road construction in Jilin Province. The investment of Ministry of Communications for rural road construction is of main fund channel, its investment guidance effect is noticeable. Social raising capital, donations and other channels also play important roles in rural road construction. In recent years, Jilin Province overall rural road construction investment increased year by year, but the investment efforts was much smaller than that for national trunk highway and provincial highway, could not meet fund requirements of rural road construction. The existing rural road investment policy also has the problem which awaits to be solved urgently, i.e. unstable sources of fund channel, fund raising is not standard, total quantity of the invested funding is insufficient, especially deficient for township and village roads construction. The fund raising channel is narrow. The investment capability is unbalanced, with obvious regional disparity. The national debt fund appropriation channel not yet straightens out. The uses and management of rural road construction fund is not standard.Formulating the Jilin Province rural road construction investment policy, the effect factors have to be analyzed. These effect factors include outside and inside field situation and environment. The countryside will become important development issue for quite a period of time. This has created a good environment for improving and enhancing the rural road conditions. In recent years, the State enlarged support dynamics to the countryside, providing good policy environment for the rural road's development. With macroeconomic regulation and control policy implemented by the State in recent years, the rural road construction investment policy is facing a test. Especially the countryside taxes and fees reform cancelled the limitation of farmer's investment of labor and fund to the rural road construction, objectively requested adjustment to the existing rural road investment policy. The transportation is experiencing a big development period, realizing transportation leap-type development should request the rural road's leap-type development, rural road construction is one of the key issues of communications in the coming years. Jilin Province rural road construction investment policy's formulation should take increasing support dynamics, promoting healthy order development as the most important policy direction.Rural road's public goods characteristics attributes that the government should play leading role in the rural road construction investment. Government investment's fundamental modes are of the central government subsidy, the local authority investment, the preferential policy, the key road tax and the activation properties etc. Other subjects of investment include the countryside community organizations and private personals.Domestic and foreign investment policies for rural road construction in Jilin Province are of good references. Developed countries in the early development stage of rural economy have attached great importance to rural road construction, government plays role of leadership in investment policy, supplemented by society, market and farmers cooperative organizations, it has been effective in promoting rural economic development. Highway construction funds abroad are general from government financial appropriations and tax, the majority of the highway funding system is the state's general tax revenue and highway users' tax. Most of them take the approach of highway users' tax. At home, beneficial explorations in rural road construction investment are made in other provinces in recent years. For example, Shandong Province, implemented local matching funds by clarifying the extraction ratio of taxes, established relatively stable investment channels. Fujian Province, innovated investment management mode, implementing the policy of "reward instead of subsidy", effectively mobilized the enthusiasm of local governments. Sichuan Province, constructed the bottom-up democratic decision-making mechanism, giving full play to the role of farmers.Through the above analysis, we believe that the development of rural road construction investment policy in Jilin Province should follow five basic principles, i.e. the coordinated development principle, the reasonable and legitimate principle, according to local conditions principle, inheritance and innovation principle and administration and market coordination principle. Formulating rural road investment policy must reflect the conditions of a rural market economy, and features macro-economic regulation with Government financial input. At the same time, clarify investment responsibilities of the State, local governments and farmers, establish and improve laws and regulations, standardize stable investment and financing channels, and formulate supportive policies for developing of rural road construction. In addition, it is necessary to expand the rural road construction investment and financing channels, establishing the national credit financing mode, raising funds through market operations and other means of financing. Rural road construction financing is difficult, supervision over the funds should be reinforced. Major measures include strictly enforcing estimates and budget system, executing a good job in working out project estimates and budget, developing and implementing internal fund management systems, setting up special accounts, establishing and improving the management mechanism of audit, finance and joint efforts of the discipline inspection.