Research On Multiperiod Supply Chain Network Equilibrium Model

With the development of communications and transportation, the science and technology, and the globalization of markets; both the business enterprises and the supply chain members try to use the perfect tactics of supply chain management to win in the competitive environment. Nowadays, the supply chain is a system made up by members of different profits, and also a competitive supply chain network structure of multi-commodity and multi-tiered, in which each decision-maker seeks to maximize his owner profit. In order to achieve the equilibrium state, the independent decisions of the whole supply chain and the effect of their interaction are necessary factors in this system. The single-objective or the multi-objective programming is unable to solve this problem, while the supply chain network equilibrium model is exactly what we need.In addition to, Supply chain is a typical dynamic system, in which the relationships between supply and demand among the partners and the goals of different partners are both time-dependent. So the inventory is not allowed to be neglected in the discussion of the whole supply chain network equilibrium. What's more, the inventory is the link to connect this period with the next period, thus the study on multiperiod supply chain network equilibrium is significance in reality.This research mainly aims to study the decision of the whole supply chain members, using the variational inequality to develop an equilibrium model of time-dependent competitive supply chain networks. It can evaluate price, inventories and product flows at the same time. The equilibrium model captures both the independent behavior of the various decision-makers as well as the effect of their interactions. Firstly, a three-tiered dynamic supply chain network structure is established, it consisted of manufacture market, retailer market and demand market. In this structure, the inventory is the link that connects this period with the next period, so manufacturers and retailers will remain some products at current period to make sure the long-term development of enterprises. a numerical example is provided to prove the rationality of the model; due to the single trade channel and the long transaction time, considering the electronic transaction, the multiperiod supply chain network equilibrium model with two-channel is constructed, also, the equilibrium state is analyzed by the numerical example; based on the environmental protection, the objective of emission minimization is added, the mutiperiod supply chain network equilibrium model with two-channel and multi-criterion is established, then the numerical example is given to analyze the equilibrium state. Equilibrium output, product flow, inventory, and equilibrium price derived from the numerical example would be helpful for enterprises in supply chain.