Study On Recreation Forest Stands And Visitors' Behavior Of Urban Forest Park

Presently more and more city residents wish to be in touch with nature and to have recreational time in forest,and urban forest,as the nearest nature element they could visit on a daily basis or on the weekend,that could provide various recreational services for them.That is why some cities in this country have been planning to build an Urban Forest Park in or around their city area in recent decades.The four typical urban forest parks,such as Dashushan Urban Forest Park in Hefei,Caishiji Urban Forest Park in Maanshan, Shenshan Urban Forest Park in Wuhu and Gongqing Urban Forest Park in Shanghai,were selected for analysis in the paper.Based on field sample investigation of forest stands and public opinion poll of its beauty,both community structure and its recreation functions was analyzed,as well as an comprehensive evaluation system from structure,beauty and recreational services were proposed based on a case study on these four selected parks.The author put forward suggestions on recreation forest design in an Urban Forest Park.The results were as follows:(1) Structure of communities in different Urban Forest Parks,such as species composition,DBH distribution pattern,tree height and health situation were described and community character value,such as species diversity,Abundance index,Evenness index, Dominance index and species importance value are account,which was used to make a more detail description of communities.The results show that:Dominance species of Dashushan Urban Forest Park are Pinus massoniana,Broussonetia papyrifera,Liquidamba formosana,Quercus acutissima,Tilia breviradiata,Koelreuteria paniculata,Robinia pseudoacacia,Ulmus parvifolia and Acer mono Maxim;That in Caishiji Urban Forest Park are Ligustrum lucidum,Pterocarya stenoptera,Robinia pseudoacacia,Celtis tetrandra;Dominance species in Shenshan Urban Forest Park are Cinnamonum camphora,Ligustrum lucidum,Cunninghamia lanceolata,Pseudolarix amabilis,Taxodium ascendens Brongn,Robinia pseudoacacia, Metasequoia glyptostroboides.Abundance index for Dashushan is 0.002,Caishiji is 0.10, Shenshan is 0.20;Evenness index for Dashushan is 0.81,Caishiji is 0.73 and Shenshan is 0.80,and shows that although plant species is not very rich,more evenly distributed. Diversity index for Dashushan is 2.49,Caishiji is 2.47 and Shenshan is 2.37.The difference of Diversity index is not significant for three urban forest pars of Anhui province.Evenness index for Caishiji is the lowest,Dominance index is the highest. Because the species of Ligustrum lucidum is the most dominance in communities of Caishiji,however,there are no significant differences for the dominance index for other two.Abundance indexes in three parks are totally low,in particular,Dashushan is only 0.002.(2) These four landscapes in these studied urban forest parks were identified,which were road landscape,in-forest landscape,close shot landscape and individual landscape,in the paper the method of Scenic Beauty Estimation was used to draw public's aesthetic trends.Then regression models are built to make analysis on the landscape elements that will have impacts on landscape beauty.These results will be useful for providing proposals on design of recreation forest.The results show that:for that in-forest landscape,local people prefer the type with straight tree trunk,formal arrangement,lower ornamental value of trunks,and without dead standing tree.For close spot landscape,they love the landscape with water and sky, which can improve scenic beauty,and abundant species can also enhance scenic beauty. For rode landscape,winding pathway and open road,tall trees in both roadsides,more understory plants,higher visibility,all of these can raise scenic beauty.For individual landscape,straight tree trunk,chubby crown of a tree,verdant leaves,sky as the background,are loved by people.It follows that people prefer proper managed natural forest landscape.(3)Through the analysis of tourist questionnaire survey of Urban Forest Park shows that:Urban Forest Park is primarily used by local residents;visitors are mainly low-income people and visitors' recreation sum is cheap.In four Urban forest Parks,use frequency for Caishiji is the highest.Main recreation motivation of visitors in urban forest park are breath freshness air,free and easy ramble/relax.Based on a comprehensive analysis of tourist behavior in the studied urban forest parks,an interrelated analysis was made,which shows that more leisure time,nearer park, the higher frequency will be for people to visit the park;In addition,if people usually go to the park,they will stay longer than others.(4) The CRITIC method was used to evaluate comprehensively landscape recreation function of urban forest park in Anhui province,the results show that:landscape recreation function of Caishiji is the highest,0.34,followed by Dashushan Urban Forest Park is 0.30 and Shenshan Urban Forest Park is 0.29.Infrastructure conditions of Caishiji Forest Park far superior to the Dashushan and Shenshan,not only have beautiful plant landscape,but also have abundant human landscape,the attraction of scenic is higher.