| In order to build a well-off society in an all-round way, the most difficult task is in rural areas. New rural construction can not be separated from the financial support, especially the policy financial support. Under the circumstances of relatively weak agriculture, agricultural policy finance plays an irreplaceable role to effectively solve the rural financial suppression and market failure. However, due to the problems of function positioning, service means and operating mechanism, the functions of China's only agricultural policy bank --- Agricultural Development Bank of China, have not been brought into full play. Therefore, in the new rural construction, it has become an urgent study as how to deepen the reform of Agricultural Development Bank of China, clearify the positioning of its functions, improve the operating mechanism, and to support the new rural development, which is of great theoretical and practical significance.Based on the analysis of the agricultural policy finance theory and the demand of new rural development, the paper makes a systematic review and analysis of the history, current situation and problems of Agricultural Development Bank of China, and referring to foreign experience, it makes a comprehensive study of the function positioning and operating mechanism of the Agricultural Development Bank of China. The main framework and contents of the paper are:Part I IntroductionPart II The objective necessity of reforming agricultural policy banks in the context of the new rural construction. It elaberates the related theories, concepts, basic attributes, and functions of agricultural policy finance and China's demand on agricultural policy finance. This article holds that the agricultural policy finance is based on state credit, and is in line with government specific agricultural economic policies and intentions, bearing six functions such as policy guidance and support, initial induction and siphon expansion, public services of rural finance, and so on. The existence of agricultural policy finance is of a solid theoretical foundation, which is the product of state intervention and coordination of the agricultural economy, serving agriculture and rural quasi-public areas, and achieving sustainable development based on market mechanism, with the principles of safety, reimbursement and effectiveness. In the particular context of new rural construction, agricultural policy banks are needed to provide more comprehensive and quality services.Part III The history and reality study of Agricultural Development Bank of China. Based on the history and present assessment of Agricultural Development Bank of China, it studies the current problems. Agricultural Development Bank of China has many problems, thus affecting the function of supporting agriculture: (1) loss of function positioning; (2) single business, indistinct policy feature; (3) narrow fund sources and unscientific liabilities system; (4 ) inadequate awareness , unsound mechanism, imperfect system; (5) backward organization and personnel management .Part IV Reference from the experience of foreign agricultural policy banks. It studies the agricultural policy financial system and operation practices of different countries, and at least we can learn from the following seven points from foreign agricultural policy financial institutions: (1) focusing on the role of market mechanism, less direct government intervention; (2) diversified means of interests compensation; (3) diversified financing mechanisms; (4) cooperation with commercial banks; (5) gradual diversification of business; (6) sound legal support system; (7) emphasizing position adjustment and reform transition.Part V Construction of the function positioning and operating mechanism of Agricultural Development Bank of China. According to the theoretical analysis and situational study, it puts forward the position of Agricultural Development Bank of China in new rural development, and how to build a sound operating mechanism. The recent position of Agricultural Development Bank of China is to go all out for the new rural construction services, being a platform for guiding agriculture and allocation of rural resources under the market economy; the long-term position is to guide national agricultural policies and gradually become a market-oriented modern enterprise bank. Recent business includes: sole agent for rural policy business; refined traditional business marketing and management; undertaking guarantee and financial wholesale; undertaking agricultural industrial development loans; binding induction of agricultural insurance business; playing public service functions and improving the rural financial system. Based on the recent position and business scope building and perfecting the new type of operating mechanism: establishing corporate management structure in accordance with modern economic system, adapting appropriate way to attract other financial businesses to put fund into the Agricultural Development Bank, establishing limited liability company of state-owned diversified property rights, and forming the force of whole community supporting the new rural development; establishing and improving risk control mechanisms, making medium and long-term credit risk strategy and business development strategy, realizing the effective combination of risk management and business development, realizing the mutual separation of risk management and credit management, and embedding risk management into every corner of credit business; building and improving the performance appraisal mechanism, promoting the optimization and integration of effective resource, and forming the core driving force for good operating results and rapid development; improving the institutional set-up and personnel management mechanism, mobilizing the the enthusiasm of the grass-root banks and staff, and realizing the experts'management and talents'revitalization of the bank. Part VI The countermeasures and suggestions for Agricultural Development Bank of China to improve financial services for new rural construction. Highlighting the the word of"innovation", building a rural credit system, guarantee system, legal environment and supervisory system, to create a favorable external operating environment for Agricultural Development Bank of China. |
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