A Study On The Governance Of Rural Tourism From The Perspective Of Game Theory

As a new format of tour industry, rural tourism has been flourishing based on the great market potential, and has been a hot issue in domestic tour research ever since the end of 20^th century. Faced with the serious dilemmas of resources and environment, people gradually come to realize that rural tourism is a complex social phenomenon, which needs interdisciplinary and multi-lever research to penetrate its nature, and to analysis the sustainability-based institution supply and governance stricture for rural tourism destination with diversified resource, cultural, economical and environmental backgrounds.The author believes that the current researches are fragmentary and static, mainly aimed at concrete examples. In this dissertation, in view of the ideology that "institution supply should be based on transaction property", the author tries to classify rural tourism destination structurally, and focus on the typical case whose resource system is of CPR property, and highly overlapped with the rural community, and then to discuss its transformation from single-center management to "Multi-Center Governance". The author gives particular attention to the process of stakeholders' games and their impacts on the collective welfare, and uses it as a study path in this dissertation.It shows that according to the tightness to objective of sustainable tourism development and the strength of endowed power, there are four core stakeholders in CPR rural tourism community, namely government, tourism enterprises, tourists and local residents. These four kinds of core stakeholders pursue different interests during the process of tourism development, which would cause iterative games of interest and power among them. By offering and anglicizing the game instances, we find that suchlike games are always arousing the contradictions between individual and individual ration, individual and collective ration, which is actually the true reason causing the serious environmental and cultural dilemmas in the process of tourism development. By further research, the author proposes that only through reasonable institution arrangement and proper governance structure can we overcome these dilemmas and lead rural tourism to the real path of sustainable development, and Multi-center Governance, with the principle of "coordinating beliefs, ensuring rights" would be an ideal model to pursue Pareto Efficiency in rural tourism community. Namely, on the basis of clearly defined roles of the functional executors, "Multi-Center Governance", with the co-operation and mutual monitoring of core stakeholders plus the media and the academia, can provide an effective mechanism to strengthen the positive behaviors, suppress the negative ones, and guarantee the sustainability of tourism development.