The Analysis Of Construction Of Irrigation And Water Conservancy In Provinces Of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Around The Period Of Anti-Japanese War

The droughty natural environment of Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia provinces determined the importance of their irrigation and water conservancy .To some extent ,the serious drought which happened in 1929 in Gansu and Shaanxi has provided a favorable opportunity to the development of irrigation and water conservancy in Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia provinces .In 1931, Japanese launched war of aggression against China and Anti-Japanese War broke out in 1937.The two wars played a great catalytic effect to the three provinces'construction of irrigation and water conservancy .Around the period of Anti-Japanese War, because of the special situation at home and abroad and a number of other factors, the KMT(Kuomintang)Government attached great importance to irrigation and water conservancy in three provinces, and took a series of measures, such as: promulgated the construction principles of irrigation and water conservancy, established specialized organizations, offered enormous amount of money and trained personnel. So, the construction of this three provinces'irrigation and water conservancy went to its golden period .During this period, the three provinces not only built a lot of new large-scale irrigating projects, but dredged and rebuilt some old channels left by history .At the same time, according to different local conditions the three provinces developed and spread a series of small-scale irrigation works. Because of detailed survey, new building materials and modern machinery equipment, the quality of irrigation channels were very excellent and irrigation-effectiveness was also very ambitious. The construction of irrigation and water conservancy in Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia at that time played a very important role and had historical significance to both the three provinces and even the whole Chinese society :First of all, slowed down the bad effects caused by the drought and stabilized social order; Secondly, increased agricultural production ,ensured the public food supply during the war and gave strong support to Anti-Japanese War ; Finally, it was helpful to the revival of rural economy ,and accelerated the Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia's modernization.