| The Labor mutual in the period of Chinese Anti-Japanese War is carried out as basic organizational policy aimed at the agricultural production in the citadel. In the early period of Anti-Japanese War the mutual tradition in the Shanganning border area is extended from the period of Soviet Revolutionary Citadel , organizing the masses to engage in collective production and setting up a group of labor union, cattle cooperatives and other mutual aid organizations ,the role is mainly reflected in the organization to open up wasteland,expand the cultivated area and help Anti-is for production. Failure to effectively mobilize active participation of farmers, these labor mutual aid organizations have not been accepted by the farmers. With the gradual increase in the border region's economic difficulties, since 1940, the Chinese Communist Party and the Border Region Government is beginning to pay attention to the effect by improving the farmer's production enthusiasm in the old mutual aid organizations, organizing bar work and variable worker and other mutual organizations in the spring farming or summer cultivation is advocated. With policy support from the CPC Central Committee, local governments started to change the way mutual aid organization of labor, such as the use of civil society in Yan'an County, the old mutual help organize the farmers to engage in collective labor, resulting in a very good social and economic benefits. In order to further regulate the rural labor force for agricultural production, in 1942 meeting of the Northwest Bureau of senior cadres, Mao Zedong proposed to carry forward the Yan'an experience, use the old way in civil society to carry on collective production. Subsequently, Mao Zedong issued a "organization" is even more strongly advocated the development of variable worker, bar worker and other mutual aid organization. From 1943 onwards, the county and the district in border areas, organized a series of transformation of rural society, such as the new variable construction teams, Sapporo construction teams, achieving the integration of internal labor, production tools and other agricultural production resources in the citadel. Relative to the initial mutual aid organizations, new mutual aid in organizing principle, not only continues the tradition of self-help groups in the voluntary, but an injection of the principle of democratic leadership. Organizational methods, mainly in three ways: to establish labor heroes, to solidarity and influence people by heroes to let themselves organize mutual; the cadres of every grass-roots answer the party's call, and actively organize and lead people to mutural production; by helping people to resolve difficulties in the production to lead the spontaneous mutual aid organization of labor. On the content of organization , combining labor mutural, resettlement of refugees, war service support, education, rural social climate reform issues and such other problems. On one hand to promote the citadel's agricultural production and improve the lives of farmers; the other hand, to strengthen the interaction among the CPC and the various classes in rural areas, to speed up the solution such as to the loafers'problem in rural and other social issues. Through the use of people's old habits of mutual to carry out production, developed the concept of collective labor of the peasants, strengthened the link between farmers and government, far-reaching impact on the process of the Chinese revolution... |
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