The Study On Grazing System Of Grassland Animal Husbandry In Mongolia

Mongolia and Inner Mongolia in China have a lot of homology isomorphism in the origin of the grassland animal husbandry and the development path. The agricultural cooperatives under the control of planned economy, state farms property rights and grazing model in Mongolia has many similarities with the property rights system and the grazing model under the people's commune system in Inner Mongolia in China. But the difference is that the frequency of transfer grazing greatly reduced due to the privatization of livestock and a small-scale of a business market. Because of their different political system and economic environment the grassland livestock gradually took a different development path. It has an important reference to the grassland grazing system in Inner Mongolia in China, comparing of grassland livestock grazing system and exploring the issue of animal husbandry grazing system of two countries.This study bases upon theories, such as grassland management, grass management, ecological economics, institutional economics. It systematically studies the historical changes of grassland livestock grazing system of modern Mongolia, conducted field research and studies case in the pastoral areas of Mongolia and Inner Mongolia, trying to provide ideas and suggestions to improve grazing systems of pastoral area of Inner Mongolia, China. The main part of this article explains the existence of questions in investigate, such as pasture degradation caused by over grazing, unreasonable herd-point layout, restricted nomadic radius. It analyzes the advantages and the disadvantages of two countries' grazing system, taking the example of investigate case. The advantages of Mongolia grazing system is the use of grazing in different seasons, maintaining the "five animals" and the ecological diversity of grassland and retaining the diversity of breed. The disadvantage is wasting of pasture resources, resulting in deterioration of plant components, reducing production and quality of forage, reducing the production of animal products. The advantage of grazing system in Inner Mongolia in China is preventing pasture degradation and weeds breed, improving the quality of forage production and improving the production of animal products and the Ranch co-operation can save investment and efficiently use pasture. And its disadvantages include too high cost of the fence, increasing the cost of grassland animal husbandry, the destruction of livestock and grassland diversity of coupling, resulting in a single breed, the small-scale livestock trampling heavier the degradation. Comparing analysis of the case of the grazing system between China and Mongolia, it comes to the conclusions that grassland grazing patterns of pastoral areas in China's Inner Mongolia should be based on the diversification of ownership structure, diversification of forms of breed structure to develop.