The Study On Local Salt Of Modern Shandong

The local salt is an economic phenomenon in modern Chinese society. It has effective relationships with survival of many rural people and livelihood needs. In modern times, because of the diversion of the Yellow River in 1855, at the west, south-west and north-west parts of Shandong Province, saline-alkali soil formed a large-scaled distribution, "there is more than ten million mou in Shandong Province only. The plain area among Shandong, Hebei and Henan province, in which Puxian,Juancheng, Heze, Dongming, Changhuan......" The out of crop plants on saline-alkalisoil is very low, where it is even impossible to raise plants. The local farmers expanded and developed the local salt production and sales for survival and the needs. The production of local salt in Shandong had not only been huge in number, but also been sold in a wide geographical scale in varied consumer groups, especially in the rural parts of the west of Shandong province.According to William Skinner's theory of rural markets, each market can cover the demands of consumers of more than ten villages, while at that time, the prohibition from the government applying in the rural markets on local salt was weak, can not crash people who sell local salt in the rural areas. People can not sell local salt by rails, cars and other modern transportations at that time, and the government strengthened the force of prohibition on salt production and marketing, so that it led to a narrower and more regional role of the local salt sales and consumption. It formed a huge economic circle of salt productions, sales and consumptions in Shandong province.This caused a great deal of impact on the system of the official salt sales and official economic circle of salt supported by government. In modern times, the sales of salt in Shandong carry out the Sale Monopoly System, which is indirectly under the control of the planned system of selling sea salt. When salters sell offical salt, they had to turned salt tax over to government. In modern times salt tax had been one of the important fiscal revenue, and local salt can afford tax to country,.It resulted in the loss of tax and financial tensions. Central government put strict policy about local salt into practice, so local government in Shandong gradually establish a modern and professional management team to manage and suppress the salt. At the same time, the law of suppress local salt were becoming increasingly strict. Salters took active measures to deal with local salt with the governmental orders to protect their investments. And farmers reconstructed Yanchi dand Yanzao after the government had damaged them, smuggling and trafficing local salt. Salt-producter set up an organization to protest to the government's suppression. There were many conflicts. At 1930s, Chinese communist party was also involved in salt confrontation with the government, resulted in a series of salt-producter riots, which brought about strong political overtones. During the anti-Japanese war and the War of Liberation, the Chinese communist government support salt-producter to product local salt. After the founding of the PRC, the Shandong Government had adopted a policy to gradually cut off local salt, so it gradually withdrawed from the market.