| Actively support the development of small-and-medium-sized enterprises( SME) is an important policy of my Government, to solve the SME "financing difficulties" issues, the Government set up a SME credit guarantee institutions for SME to provide financing guarantee service. However, as the current domestic credit environment and guarantee of the compensation mechanisms are not yet perfect, SME also highlights the performance of its security policy and non-profit, which determines the security agencies is difficult to avoid bearing a huge risk, thus the guarantee agency in the operations must establish a risk awareness, strengthen risk management, and improve the ability to prevent risks. This thesis analyses the formation of SME credit risks and management risks, combines guarantees practical operations, describes the guarantee agencies in the process of guarantee risk managements of measures and practices, and proposes the recommendations of the external environment for perfecting the guarantee risk management .This thesis is divided into six chapters:The first chapter focuses on the history of industrial development at home and abroad, as well as the development of security guarantee companies in Jilin Province. Foreign security industry has been one hundred years in history .As early as 1840, commercial guarantee was generated in Switzerland. In the mid-20th century European and American countries established the guarantee system for SME. Japan, the Asia's leading economy in 1958 set up a national credit guarantee system for SME, since all countries followed, and policy-credit guarantee system had a significant development in Europe, Asia, Latin America and many other countries and regions. Compared to the credit guarantee industry in the developed countries, the credit guarantees in China is still relatively a new thing. In 1993 China's first national professional credit guarantees company was established. In 1999 issued the《on the establishment of SME credit guarantee system for the pilot guidance》, followed by relevant support policies gradually introduced, which increased the rapid growth of the number of guarantee agencies. Jilin Provincial Guarantee Corporation was established in 1999, after continuous efforts, has become the most complete variety in business, the largest registered capital and most branches of the guarantee company in Jilin Province.The second chapter focuses on risk identification, risk assessment, and risk control methods. As the current domestic credit system lagged behind, the overall business risks for small and medium enterprises, greater asymmetry in the security risk-adjusted returns, guarantees compensation for the risk of lack of sources, thus small and medium enterprises guarantee institutions in the operations bear great risks, and the security agencies must pay attention to security risk management. Security risk management process includes risk identification, risk assessment and risk control of three key areas, and the guarantee risk control, as the implementation phase, with a more important position. This thesis introduces the control methods of risk averse, risk transfer, loss control and risk retention.Chapter three takes the example of the guarantee companies in Jilin Province to introduce the credit guarantee companies' the external environment risk and internal risks. External risks include: policy risk, industry risk, credit risk, market risk and legal risk. Internal risks include: in-house system is not perfect and moral hazard. Credit guarantee industry is a socially recognized high-risk sector. Bear certain risks are inevitable in operating activities, if we avoid all risks as operating principles, then there will be no business, also no benefits to speak of. However, if you take too many risks, or do not know the risks exist, or do not know the extent, and those are very dangerous. Therefore, establishing a correct concept of risk, understanding the contents of the credit guarantee business risks and causes, and taking effective measures to prevent and enhance risk measurement, analyze, control, disposal management, and ensure the healthy development of credit guarantee business.Chapter four --guarantee risks are mainly reflected in the project review, risk control and business operations of the legal compliance of the three aspects. This chapter introduced the Jilin Provincial guarantee company's business processes, andthe project is divided into three stages--before guarantee, guarantee, and afterguarantee, analyses the business operations as well as the risks involved, summarizes the security project risk control methods to enhance the recovery of compensatory measures, and put forward the project of the risks of a security control method:1 the establishment of the assessment committee system2 set up the chief risk officers' assessment projects3 the establishment of security deposits system4 implement the counter-guarantee collateral strictly5 enhance the control measures after guaranteeSecured business situations vary widely, and the risk of different forms, which lead to the risk of a security object objective and subjective factors complex, the risk of greater uncertainty. By the above methods can effectively guarantee the project against the risk aversion, risk rejection, risk diversification, risk transfer, risk compensation, and thus regulate the security business processes, establish a risk control mechanism and enrich their own resources.Chapter five is the case study for A and B corporate project guarantee, using the fourth chapter of the risk management approaches in order to achieve a combination of theory and practice. Testing of this method is effective. Guarantee agencies should also be based on specific risk characteristics of the project to take appropriate control measures or combination, in practice, also focus on summarizing the small and medium enterprises with industry-common security risk control programs.Chapter six summarizes the main conclusions of this thesis and makes external environment recommendations for the security agencies to conduct a security risk management. Government support the development of SME as an important means to provide security services to guarantee institutions play an effective allocation of social resources functions. As the current domestic security compensation mechanism and the social credit system is not fully developed, while the SME credit guarantee operations also highlights the performance of its policies and non-profit, which also determines the SME credit guarantee institutions difficult to escape but to bear the enormous business risk. The writer believes that the SME credit guarantee bear greater risks, guarantee agencies should focus on the one hand, the main security risk control, improve the internal control mechanism, adequate information resources and human resources; the other hand, the object should be based on the specific security risks make comprehensive use of risk-control methods, and design feasible risk control programs. Risk control, as part of the implementation of risk management process has a very important position. This thesis is based on the importance of risk control of the SME credit guarantee security risk management, combined with a case in practice ,analyzed the SME credit guarantee institutions guarantee risk control measures and application. And the writer suggests that, in order to perfect the security agency security risk management, and the Government should draw lessons from foreign experience, establish a compensation mechanism guarantees; the introduction of enterprise credit information system, enact legislation to prohibit credit behavior; the same time mediate and guarantee cooperative relationships between agencies and banks. |
PDF Full Text Request