| In the decades, China's economy maintains a sustained, rapid growth. The rapid growth of provincial GDP values, followed by the provinces across regions has widened gap between rich and poor. The development and utilization of resources is inextricably linked with economic development, but the fact that China's resource-rich region (western region) economic development is generally slower than resource-poor regions (eastern region), resulting in the so-called "rich poverty ". Economics, called the "resource curse" phenomenon, which refers to the natural resources on a limited role in economic growth, resource rich areas tend to slow economic growth in resource-poor areas.In fact, as early as the middle of the century, foreign economists began to research the "resource curse" phenomenon on the use of econometric models and empirical analysis, and then they found that "resource curse" phenomenon exist between countries in the world. Transmission mechanism is also proposed to explain "resource curse" theory --"center - periphery" theory, trade condition theory, the Holland Disease, crowding-out effect and weakened institutional quality, and so on. These thoeries explain the "resource curse" on the mechanism of the economy from international trade policy, national system and the like. In fact, the "resource curse" phenomenon occurred not only between countries, between different regions within a country there are "resource curse." Chinese economists Xu Kangning think that central and western regions of China also is facing a "resource curse" through analyzing the draw section data."Resource curse" phenomenon has been confirmed the existence by numerous scholars, but not all resource-rich countries and regions will suffer from a "resource curse", such as Canada, Australia, and China's Shandong Province, etc.. Therefore, the "resource curse" theory to establish on certain conditions and assumption. (1) "Resource curse" theory is a factor related to time and industry evolution theories. (2) "Resource curse" theory is a theory of space-related factors. (3) "Resource Curse" theory is based on division of labor . These conditions are indispensable. In this paper, Shanxi Province as an example, main researches the influence of "resource curse" on the evolution of industrial structure, and the fuction the evolutionary patterns of industrial structure to the energy resources. "Resource curse" and the Industrial Structure will promote or inhibit the Economic Growth, but there is situation that these two factors interact. If you want to eliminate the "resource curse" phenomenon, you must adjust the relationship between these two factors. And then, upgrade the industrial structure, and ultimately achieve the purpose of promoting sustainable economic growth.The characteristics of evolution of industrial structure in a country or a region are related to resource condition, nantional policies and evolution history. Industrial development will certainly be dominated by resource-based industries in regions with abundant resources, and the state will put the appropriate policies to support industry development of its resource-based industries. However, if the regional economic over-reliance on the exploitation of natural resources and simple processing, it will form a deformed industrial structure, not coordinated development between the three industries. Ultimately, regional economic growth will be hindered, and then form the above mantioned"resource curse ". Shanxi Province is a typical example of this development model. The province has the country's most abundant coal reserves. But because of excessive reliance on coal mining and simple processing, not formed as the center of industrial coal industry chain. They just develop the labor-intensive heavy industry, therefore, leading to the primary industry, light industry and tertiary industry lags behind, the ultimate impact on economic growth rate. Meanwhile, due to the excessive exploitation of resources, the natural enviroment is serious damaged. Small coal mines frequently crash, the exploitation of resources are "cherry-picking", leading to low resource utilization and resource wasted. As the coal mining industry is over developed, leading to crowding-out effect on the manufacturing sector. Out of the manufacturing sector entrepreneurs have entered the coal mining industry. As the industry demands lower the quality of personnel, mainly in manual labor, hence the top talent will leave. Enthusiasm for education of the people is not high, resulting in the loss of human resources and insufficient reserves. If we want to change Shanxi Province's situation of current "resource curse", we must adjust the industrial structure and upgrade the industrial structure. Specific policy proposals are: (1) According to geographical features, we must positively develop specialized agriculture. Shanxi is a food shortages province, if we don'tdevelop agriculture, the secondary and tertiary industries in the development will be lack of motivation. (2) Integration of coal resources and optimizing energy structure. Shanxi coal industry is known as "multiple, small, scattered, random" , it is not conducive to the development of economies of scale. Only integrate coal resources, establish a complete industrial chain, enhance the technological content, develop circular economy, it will be efficience use of energy to make contributions to local economic development. (3) Tourism as the leading, vigorously develop the tertiary industry. Shanxi province is historic. The ancient city of Pingyao, China Qiao Family Courtyard, are all well-known as tourist destination. People traveling to these places are doing. As long as we pay more attention to the development of tourism in Shanxi Province, it must be able to lead the development of tertiary industry. (4) Improve the energy efficiency of industrial enterprises emission reduction mechanism, strengthen the protection of fresh water and other natural resources. The development of coal energy industry itself will bring more solid waste, heavy environmental pollution, so we should strengthen technology room, and come to energy conservation. Over-exploitation of coal will damage groundwater heavily. Shanxi Province should strengthen plantation in order to protect the water and the natural environment.In summary, the "resource curse" is not a non-elimination. As long as the resource rich areas adjust the industrial structure for the development of this region, and take the road of technology-intensive industries, while focusing on primary and tertiary industries coordinated development, protection of the environment, you can avoid the "resource curse" to achieve sustainable development. |
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