Study On The Application Of Risk Map In Urban Emergency Management

With global climate change and rapid urbanization process, disaster has been a great challenge which human face. The occurrence, development, management and prevention of disasters are strong linked with the geo-spatial information. The geospatial information about disaster that could be made full use of not only analyses the source of disaster-causing factors and assess the risk of disaster, but also has practical significance for disaster's emergency management, disaster prediction and prevention.The Geographic Information Systems (GIS) provide people with visual queries and related analysis of an auxiliary decision-making techniques through effective combination the geo-spatial data with attribute data. This article will focus on how to use GIS technology to urban disaster risk assessment and risk map production, in order to provide a reliable basis for urban emergency management. This paper illuminates author's thinking concerning with the application of risk map by production of GIS in risk assessment and emergency management, has systematic study on urban emergencies and risk maps (definition, types, evaluation model). the paper also is presented the design ideas of Urban risk map management system which based on GIS maps of urban risk management information system and to Lanzhou city as an example of the risks associated with such production of maps. Major research work and achievements include:(1)While summarizing the risk theory and practical experience at home and abroad, the risk maps' concept, type and its constituent elements are concluded.(2)Definition and illumination the concept of emergency management, put forward the notion that risk maps can be the meaningful tools for emergency management.(3)Comparison and analysis of the theoretical model of risk maps based on processes for the preparation of risk maps, come to the disaster-causing factors and the risk of vulnerability analysis is the core of risk assessment, is also the basis for the preparation of risk maps.(4)Risk maps on the emergency management information system has been designed, which may be divided into three parts, namely, the general nature of construction, database design and functional implementation, finally proposed to event-driven risk assessment and risk management.(5)The risk assessment of toxic emissions in Chengguan district of Lanzhou downtown, Gansu Province, for example, be achieved by numerical simulation and produce the corresponding risk maps.Finally, we summarize the presentation and give its future research directions.