| China GDP is up to 10% annual growth since reform and opening, which may be called the"China miracle". Then rural industry known as"sudden emergence", can be called"miracle of miracles". Market economy and globalization accelerate the process of rural industrialization, which makes multi-dimensional economic, space and social transformation in countryside. Therefore, a systematic study on evolution process, evolution mechanism, evolution law, and summing up the productions of rural development is not only necessary, but also has important theoretical significance, and can provide some reference for building a new socialist countryside.In order to the precise and scientific in study, the paper selects Zhitian village,Gongyi City as sample, three field researches have been done respectively in July 2007, March 2009, November 2009. There are three types of data accessed:①spatial data is directly from Gongyi City Land and Resources Bureau, Henan Province.②Village domain attribute data is from Statistical Yearbook of Gongyi City, Henan Province (1989 ~ 2007), Zhitian village (2003).③the name of industrial enterprises is from Zhitian Business Directory gained from the Office of Economic and Development of Zhitian town, the office of enterprise in Yong'an Road Gongyi Industrial Demonstration Zone, location data of enterprise is access from Zhitian village committee and the three surveies. Based on these data, a database can be established in Excel, SPSS13.0 and ArcGIS9.2 geographic information system software for analyzing. By reductionism, the quantitative analysis study of village industry spatial-temporal change can be gotten depending on social physics, such as Refraction Law, Universal Gravitation Law, and Molecular Transition Law.According to the refractive index of industry to agriculture in countryside, combining the state's macroeconomic situation, the characteristics of Zhitian industrial development and evolution in time series, Zhitian village industry is divided into nine stages from the early Republic of China to now. budding stage: the founding of Republic of China ~ Pre-the People's Republic of China; up and down stage: after the founding of the People's Republic of China to 1969; the first major development stage:1970 to 1978; transitional adjustment stage: 1979 to 1983; steady and high growth phase: 1984 to 1988; rectification stage: 1989 to 1991; the second rapid growth stage: from 1992 to 1996; restructuring phase: from 1997 to 2004; improvement and growth stage: 2005 to present. The paper also sums up the characteristics of rural industrial development stages.The results show those:(1) High refractive index of industry to agriculture is main cause for industry-arising in rural industry. From the point of unit area, rural industry relative to agriculture has much better profits; from point of unit labor, rural industry substituted other characteristics of rare elements for labor;(2) The decay of Gravity with is the main reason for the spread of rural industry;(3)National policies and external economic environment is the main reasons for fluctuations in rural industry. The former plays a leading role in the earlier period; with the establishment of a market economy, the latter role has notably improved and gradually became the decisive factor;(4) High refractive index of private enterprises to collective enterprises is the main reason for restructuring. However, the former has a lower endurance than the latter when economic risk come;(5) Rural industry has characteristic of scale economy. The larger scale, the higher refractive index in different sectors and within the same industry;(6) Concentration efficiency is the main reason for clustering of rural enterprises. The cluster has a greater advantage to the convergency over time, and it will be the direction of the rural industrial development. |
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