The Study On The Sustainable Utilization Of Songhua River's Water Resource Based On The Ecological Service Value

All types of ecosystems on earth are life support systems, which have maken great contributions to the survival of humans. And people often try to estimate the economic value to assess such contributions. Meanwhile, people have always been putting attention on the direct use value and market value of water resources, but little on its ecological value. With the increase of population as well as the economic and social development, human's demands for water resources are increasing, and such a phenomenon has broken the original balance relationship among water resources, the ecological system, and society. So water ecosystem service function gradually reduce and loss. Therefore, the calculation of water resources' ecological value has important significance for the research of water ecosystem servicesWater resources are one of the basic compositions of ecological system. And it provides foundation and guarantee for the social and economic development. However, the shortage of water resources and water pollution problems are the factors that restrict the sustainable development which we emphasize nowadays. At the same time, the sustainable use of water resources and the sustainable development are closely connected. Therefore, considering sustainable development, we need to study the sustainable use of water resources. Water resources sustainable utilization refers to the sustainable development of water resources with the ecological economics as the theoretical foundation. Water resources sustainable utilization emphasis " sustainable " which means water resources can not only meet contemporary people's need for water, but also put later generations's demand into consideration.With the ecological service function and value as the basic theory, this thesis will do research on the Songhua River's ecosystem services value as well as the measures of how to maintain its sustainable utilization. The content mainly includes:Firstly, this paper introduces the relevant concepts and contents of ecological service function, the general composition of ecological service value and its assessment methods as well as the concepts and principles of the sustainable utilization of water resources. And the core theories are analyzed systematically such as:ecological economy theory, environmental economic theory and sustainable development theory. Secondly, the author introduces the advanced experience of the sustainable utilization of water resources to help to promote the Songhua River basin's sustainable utilization of water resources. Thirdly, the natural conditions and socioeconomic conditions of the Songhua River basin are introduced and existing problems of utilization are further analyzed. Fourthly, according to the Songhua River water resources'characteristics, its ecological service functions will be divided into following types: life, industrial and agricultural water supply function, hydroelectric power function, inland navigation functions, production function, recreational function, river sediment function, water purification function, and their values are calculated. Finally, on the basis of river water resources conditions and the existing utilization problems in addition to the analysis results of total service values of its water resources ecosystem, corresponding countermeasures are put forward.