The New Trade Protectionism Under Economic Globalization

Ever since the appearing of international trade,there has always been the contradiction between free trade and protected trade in trade policy. Free trade has a long history of economic growth and was highly appreciated by economists. But because of their assumptions are too stringent, such as full employment and perfect competition, its theoretical argument is not convincing. And only under certain conditions, free trade and economic growth have positive correlation. Coupled with the needs of national economic development, trade protection policy has been more widely used.After World War II, as the development of world economic, international trade policy has experienced the trade protection to trade liberalization to the new trade protection process. With the Process of economical globalization and integration and the increasingly close world trade relations, various governments much more frequently practice all sorts of trade Protection policies characterized with the purpose of protecting related industries and achieving some special effects. Under the international background of economic globalization, free trade and new trade protection exists at the same time, because of the slow growth of world economics and the unbalance of the development of productive forces between countries.Under the current international economical situation, some new features also appears in trade protection policies, such as the change of the focus of trade protectionism, more complex means of complement. With the establishment of the World Trade Organization, the World Trade Organization's some new regulations has shown trade protectionism new features. With the changes of the macro-control targets of the developed countries and the changes of structure of countries, governments more frequently intervene into international trade and the solving of conflicts and the Political and diplomatic factors are increasing rapidly. The means of trade protectionism taken by states becomes more complexed and concealed. Through the WTO's reduction agreement, tariffs and other traditional measures of trade protectionism has declined to a very low level. But, in order to cope with this economic crisis, some countries are planning to increase their tariffs, and has already begun to do it. Subsidies, competition, anti-dumping and countervailing, intellectual property protection, technical barriers to trade and other non-tariff barriers have been frequently used. The appearing of these new features makes it more difficult to solve conflicts and promote the development of international trade.Our nation takes a faster pace to open up to the outside world in recent years, and especially after our entry into WTO, we will be more open and integrate into world economy, which makes it unavoidable to conflict with trade partners. Under current international trade conditions, trade protection is reasonable and necessary and will not disappear in a long time. Therefore, our government and industrial circle should face this reality and carefully research countermeasures and solve trade conflicts, instead of criticizing trade partners and taking passive action.In order to cope with the current growing trade protectionism, China needs to do two aspects:on one hand, we should determine China's foreign trade policies and measures to build our barriers and protect our domestic market and industries. On the other hand, we should not passively react to trade protection policies and barriers, but rather by improving the quality of our products and competitiveness initiative. At the same time,our government should actively intervene and force others to reduce trade barriers through political and diplomatic efforts,especially those trade protection policies, which are unreasonable and aim at our country to guarantee the development of our foreign trade.In response to trade protectionism and trade barriers abroad, the domestic enterprises should meet the Government's policy, by increasing the export product structure adjustment, improving their technical level and management level, changing the operating concept, as well as building a regional export structure to reduce the threat of trade protectionism. At the same time we should pay attention to the World Trade Organization dispute settlement mechanism, trade disputes will be submitted to the World Trade Organization Dispute Settlement Body for a decision.This paper will use the Comparative Study and Literature Study to study the new features of the new trade protectionism, as well as the theoretical origins and political and economic environments of new trade protectionism from basic theories, with the hope of dealing with requent trade frictions and disputes between the developed countries and China in the foreseeable period. And then, i will give some suggestions,with the hope that our country will take positive strategy to protect our own domestic industries.The body is divided into four parts. The first part will use comparative analysis means to analyze the characteristics and its manifestations of the new trade protectionism, including the general features and essential features of the new trade protectionism.The second part describes generated origins and political and economic environment of the new trade protectionism. I will respectively analyze the significance and shortage of these theories, and then analyze them by their features. Regarding to the political and economic environment, i will discuss it from the changes of the macro-control targets of the developed countries and the changes of structure of countries.The third section describes the new trade protection measures taken by States under the new trade protectionism, which is divided into tariff measures and non-tariff barriers. And non-tariff barriers are also broken down into race, anti-dumping and anti-subsidy, protection of intellectual property and technical barriers to trade four small part.In the last part, i will give some countermeasures and suggestions. After analysing the background and measures of the new trade protectionism, i will explore the suggestions to face the national barriers in the current international environment from the government and enterprises aspects.Although, writing this article spend me about one year, but in the long course of the academic year, the time is not enough, i will continue my study in my life time.The innovations of this article is analyse the new trade protectionism from the generated origins and political and economic environment,especially the analyse of the political and economic environment, which makes the study of the new trade protectionism more relevance. About the methodology, we attempt to use an inter-disciplinary research, and strive to achieve innovations on the new trade protectionism study ways. The shortage of the article is mainly the lack of a national survey and data collection is inadequate. Analysis of the theoretical framework of the political and economic environment is also subject to further deepen and improve.