Design Of Wireless Sensor Networks System For Monitoring Oil Drilling Equipments

Petroleum is an important non-renewable energy resource related to the national development and security. However, the oil drilling site located in harsh and remote area. Thus, the large-scale, complex and costly systematic engineering is always at risk of oil leakage and engineering accident. The comprehensive logging system integrates techniques such as sensor technology, electronic technology, gas-liquid chromatography analysis, and geological evaluation techniques as a whole. Therefore, it has become a powerful tool to monitor a variety of drilling equipment, search for petroleum, track the well construction process, forecast underground dangers, reduce risk factors, and assist production management Parameters such as exports temperature, inlet temperature, rotary speed, depth are important indicators to assess the state of drilling progress.Currently, a centralized or field-bus cabling is implemented in logging hardware devices on the market. Wireless transmission mainly concentrated in the original signal acquisition or backstage computing centers whereas it rarely involves in the on-site logging signal processing and communication between devices. In order to solve the heavy workload issues of installation and removal on the existing wired-logging system, thus achieving more effective monitoring and guaranteeing the safety of drilling operations, a wireless logging system is designed in this paper to detect oil drilling equipments.First, suitable network topology, communication band and mode are analyzed for drilling site based on the characteristics of wireless sensor networks. System architecture is developed based on the platform parameter acquisition devices. Second, the hardware system is designed with a modular approach. AD nodes, pulse nodes, coding nodes and wireless central station are developed in a multifunctional-board form, as well as the hardware package and energy supply. Third, proper communication packet format is designed according to the network characteristics. Embedded software and PC interface are completed to support the hardware system. Finfally, system function verification and improvement are accomplished through laboratory simulation system tests and Xinjiang oilfield engineering field tests.Studies show that the system can detect three kinds of drilling equipment parameters (AD, pulse, and coding), complete AD acquisition (outlet and inlet temperature detection), pulse frequency measurement (rotation speed measurement), encoding quadruple frequency and phase detection (depth analysis). The central station sends wireless data to PC for real-time display and management, guaranteed by reliable communication mode. Thereby, the system can stably achieve real-time monitoring of the project site. Overall, the system developed has features such as easy constructing, high integration, good reliability, and low-power consumption. It can be seamlessly connected with existing applications and equipments to meet the needs of practical application. Thus, the system provides a promising solution of data collection and analysis for the drilling platform.