Optimization Of Extraction Process Of Saponin Of Gynostemma Pentaphyllum, Platycodon Grandiflorum And Alfalfa

Chinese traditional herbs such as gynostemma, pentaphyllum, alfalfa and balloonflower were planted in most areas of our country, which have high medicinal value in reducing blood fat, anti-inflammatory, reducing cholesterol, anti-aging, inhibiting tumor, treatment of chronic bronchitis, alleviating the symptoms of hemorrhage.Modern research shows that the active substances in plants with saponin biological significant effect on the human body. More than three species of plants in China have been planted in large scale, so finding an effective constituent extract process of the saponin is important. Solvent method and steam distillation extraction method are the traditional processes of extracting the effective component from plants, the new methods include ultrasonic extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, microwave extraction etc.. In this dissertation, comprehensive consideration of practical, the cost, the feasibility of the experiment and the degree of difficulty, we finally selected the ethanol reflux extraction of saponins as the main process. Combine the single factor analysis with orthogonal test to determine the best technological conditions of extracting saponin. The results are as follows:Taking ginsenoside Rb1 as reference standard, determining the maximum absorption wavelength of Gypenosides was 550 nm, the standard curve equation for determination of the content of Gypenosides was Y=0.4399X+0.0018 by ultraviolet spectroscopy; total saponins of balloonflower by standard as the control, to determine the maximum absorption wavelength of total saponins of balloonflower was 480 nm, standard curve equations for the determination of total saponin content of balloonflower was Y=1.177 X +0.015; with oleanolic acid as the control, to determine the maximum absorption wavelength of alfalfa saponins was 540 nm, standard curve equation determination of total saponin content of alfalfa was Y= 4.944X-6.976×10-5.The final process conditions of gypenosides were 70% ethanol concentration, 1:4 of solid-liquid ratio, 2h extraction time, 2 times of extraction, and the gypenosides extraction rate was 7.22%. Platycodin conditions were 75% ethanol, the extraction temperature was 75℃, the material liquid ratio was 1:9, extraction time 2 times, and the extraction rate of total saponins of balloonflower was 3.46%. The process conditions of alfalfa saponins were 75 ℃ of extraction temperature, 2.0h of extraction time, 75% of ethanol concentration, 1:30 of ratio of solid to liquid, and the extraction rate of total saponin of alfalfa was 1.4%.This is the first study of saponins in three species using the same kind of extraction method, by the horizontal comparison analysis of saponins extraction efficiency which is determined by different plant, in order to provide the theory basis of improving plant saponin extraction rate.