Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA) And Countermeasure Research On Hydropower Project

In recent years, China’s hydropower industry developed fast and had remarkable achievements that attract the attention of the world. The installed capacity of hydropower stations has reached over 300 million KW until 2014, making important contributions to China’s clean energy development. However, hydropower development also caused local climate changes, water and soil loss, collapse of reservoirs and banks, loss of species and other serious environment problems. Especially large hydropower development has caused influence on the environment that cannot be resumed in the long run. The contradiction between hydropower development and the environment is highlighted.After the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Environmental Impact Assessment was enacted in September, 2003, environmental impact assessment has become a basic requirement of hydropower development, the hydropower project environmental impact evaluation has becoming from theory to practice, which is sufficient to ease the contradiction between hydropower development and environment. In 2011, the 12 th five-year plan put forward goals of “developing hydropower industry based on ecological protection” and “establishing resource-saving and environment-friendly society”. Under the background of sustainability of environment, hydropower development has changed from merely installed capacity growth to which capacity growth and environmental protection.Consequently, it is necessary and important to promote environmental impact assessment of hydropower development effectively.Based on the survey data of the environmental impact assessment report of Jiangbian Hydropower Station in Jiulong River of Sichuan(hereinafter referred to as Jiangbian Hydropower Station), the paper formsenvironment impact assessment indicator system and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, which further launches environmental impact assess study of Jiangbian Hydropower Station, according to basic principles of achieving natural ecology in the valley and sustainable development of society and economy. Major contents and achievements include:(1) According to the basic theory of sustainable development, forms a multi-layer indicator system with the environmental impact degree of Jiangbian Hydropower Station as the assessment objective.(2) According to the basic theory of fuzzy mathematics, forms a fuzzy comprehensive assessment model, and uses AHP- combined entropy weight determination method in the weight solution process, making weight determination not only consider subjective experience of experts, but also fully explore information of data itself. Weight calculation will be more scientific and true.(3) According to regional environment situation and project features, and based on related prediction of environmental impact assessment of Jiangbian Hydropower Station, the paper introduces environmental protection measures amid operation and provides theoretical basis and decision support for environmental protection of Jiangbian Hydropower Station within the operation period.