Mycelia Of Loose Milk Submerged Fermentation And Polysaccharide Function Evaluation

Lactarius deliciosus is a famous wild epiphyte in the world. It has not only delicious flavor, but also rich nutrition value. The optimum conditions for the growth of the mycelium, nutrient ingredients, and the immune functions of the extracted polysaccharides on mice were studied based on the mycelium separated from the Ldeliciosus-The results as follows:The influences of different factors to the growth of the mycelium of L.deliciosus were gained by single factor experiments. These factors are variational culture, temperature, pH, and light, respectively. The results showed that the better conditions for the growth of the L deliciosus were the PDA culture in pH5 at 28 "C; The dark environment is better than the illuminated.The optimum sources of carbon and nitrogen were established by single factor experiments, which are good for the growth of mycelium of L. deliciosus. The former was glucose; the latter were maize plasma and NH^Oa (two sources have no significantly difference, p>0.05). Orthogonal test was used to measure the effects of the varying combinations of carbon and nitrogen on the dry weight of fermented mycelium. The ingredients include glucose (factor A), maize plasma (factor B) and NH玁O3 (factor C). The optimum combination of carbon and nitrogen is glucose 2%, maize plasma 1.5% and NH4NO3 0.15%. CMC 0.4% added to the culture can increase the growing positions and the output of mycelium. Most output of mycelium can be obtained under the circumstance of inoculation volume between 10% and 15% at 28 "C for 15 days.Chemical analysis indicated that L.deliciosus has nearly all the nutrients. The crude protein, lipids, and the essential ammo acids of Ldeliciosus are richer. Compared with wild fruit body, fermented mycelium of L.Deliciosus has similar nutrients with the former, and has the same composition of amino acids. But polysaccharides are much richer, lipids and crude fibre is less. The orthogonal test shows that the optimum extraction condition for polysaccharides of L. deliciosus was as follows: adding water at a ratio of 1:20 (dried fruit body or mycelium: water), extracting for 50 min at 40癈. Using the ethanol precipitating and method of Sevage can further purify polysaccharides extracted by water. The glucose, mannose and fructose were analyzed by paper chromatography from the hydrolyzed polysaccharides of L. deliciosus.The effects of L.deliciosus Polysaccharides on immune function were investigated with mice. The methods of immune organs weight of mice, carbon clearance, swimming, and enduring high temperature were used. Compared with control, high concentration group could significantly increase the thymic and splenic index of mice (PO.05), while compared with low concentration group, high concentration group could significantly increase splenic index of mice (PO.05); compared with control and low concentration group, high concentration group could significantly increase swallow coefficient (PO.05); high concentration group could significantly prolong the time of swimming; different groups had no obvious effect on the livability of enduring high temperature. L.deliciosus Polysaccharides can improve the immune function of mice.In a word, the mycelium by separating from fruit body of L.deliciosus can be cultivated by application of submerged fermentation; its main nutrient (polysaccharides and proteins) is more richer than fruit body; The non-differential immune experiment showed that Polysaccharides of L.deliciosus can improve the immune function of organism.