Gemini Surfactant Agent

With the arisement of a new generation Gemini surfactants, there are magnificent prospects for the science of surfactant. There are several advantages for Gemini surfactants verses traditional surfactants. For example, the combined concentration of the Gemini surfactants is hundreds of lower than that of the tradition surfactants, there fore, Gemini surfactants has been the hot topic in the science of interface and colloid chemistry in modern world. There are many reports of its syntheses but there are only some products in the application of industry. The author has synthesized a new Gemini surfactants (GMI-01) which can be easily disarranged and be friendly environment with the cheap material. The screening and syntheses of the catalysts are studied and the optimum reaction condition was obtained by the reaction of 1,4-butunediol, maleic anhydride and AEO2, the characterization of the product with IR and 1HNMR was obtained, finally, the surface reactivity of GMI-01 was investigated, the results are got as follows:(1) PW12/C was the best catalyst through the screening of catalysts of esterization reaction II, and the optimum reaction condition was that the ratio of the pw12 and active carbon was 4:6, reflux time is 4h, dry temperature was 150 C, dry time is 4h.(2) The optimum reaction condition of 1,4-butanediol with maleic anhydride by or thogohal experiment was obtained as follows: nmaleic anhydride:n1,4-butanediol=2.15:1.00, the reaction time was 1h, the dosage of the catalyst was 1.0%, with the solvent of acetone.(3) The optimum reaction condition of esteriztion reaction II was obtained by uniformity test as follows:n 1,4-butanedioi bismaleic anhydride monoester::nAEO2=1..00:2.15, reaction temperature was 150 C, reaction time was 14h, the dosage of the catalyst was 1.5%.(4) The optimum sulfonation reaction condition was obtained by orthogoral experiment as follows:n,1,4-butanediol bismaleic anhydride bisester :nNaHSO3=l .00:3:00 ,reaction time was 4h, reaction temperature was 80 C, and the dosage of catalyst was 1.5%.(5) The products was characterized by IR and 1HNMR.(6) The equilibrium surface tension was 33.8mN/m, CMC was 4.97+10-5, was 2.33(mol/cm2+1010), A was 72.0(nm2+100). The n of dynamic surface tension parameter was changed little with the changes of the concentration, but t was decreased quickly and R1/2 rises quickly, which demonstrate that the GMI-01 has high dynamic surface activity and easily form micelle, but its equilibrium surface activity was not too high.