National Nature Reserve, The Implementation Of The Community Co Preliminary Study

To protect the biodiversity and implement the sustainable development tactics have been the two countermeasures to hold back the deterioration of the environment and improve the living status of human being. The construction of the natural Reserve is an effective way to protect the natural resources, the Bio-diversity, the Ecological balance, as well as to advance the sustainable development between nature and human beings. In China, natural reserve first developed in 1950s, having experienced such three stages as the starting, the stagnating, and the fast developing stage. During the period, many experts have had a deep research on the types of natural reserve, the management, the appraisal system, and the Community Co-management.The Community Co-management, a fire-new management mode of the natural reserve, according to the co-participation of the local community and the natural reserve on the tactics and the appraisal systems of the natural resources in the natural reserve, the purpose will be achieved, which is to protect the biodiversity and enhance human living conditions. Based on the Community Co-management of the natural reserve, taking the Hupingshan National Natural Reserve as an example, which is a Community Co-management sample of the project of Global Environment Facility in China-Forestry Sustainable Development project, based on the District Economy, Eco-Economy, Externality, Sustainable Development and Sociology theory, this article analysed the ways and the countermeasures being carried out in the natural reserve. It is aimed to build a mode, which benefits the environment, the economy, and the society, under the protection of natural resources.According to the three-month investigation, with the application of Participatory Rural Appraisal, based on the investigation of the local economic status as well as its inhabitants, relying on its practical situation, the author named five sample Co-management Communities from the twelve waiting list, and put up some suggestions about how to implement and supervise the Community Co-management from the three aspects, such as reinforcing the self-construction of the Natural Reserve, cultivating the self-developing ability of the community, and perfecting duties of the co-management committee. Here are the suggestions: trying to plan the core area, the buffer area, and the experiment area properly; perfecting the management system; strengthening the propaganda and education; reinforcing the environment protection and the biodiversitymonitoring; optimizing industry structure; improving the input efficiency; developing the substituting energy; emphasizing women and the community development; providing information and technology support and so on.Some hot issues about the Community Co-management are discussed in this article, such as: the technical problems existing in the application of the Participatory Rural Appraisal investigation; the necessity and the mode of the substituting energy commercialized operation in the Community Co-management project; as well as the credit and promise mechanism, the supervising mechanism, and incentive mechanism of the Community Co-management.