Alkyl Glucoside Synthesis

Alkyl polyglycoside is a new kind of non-ionic surfactant which has low surface tension, highly activity, strong ability of decontamination, weak stimulation to skin, fine bio-degradation and no pollution to environment. APG is applied in many fields such as detergent, cosmetics, food, medicine, plastic and biochemistry.Dodecyl polyglycoside is synthesized in this paper from dodecyl alcohol and glucose. The catalyst is binary mixture of strong organic acid and weak alkali. The DP of APG is 1.46-1.47 when the mole ratio of acid to alkali in binary catalyst is 4 to 1; the mole ratio of binary catalyst, dodecyl alcohol to glucose is 0.02 to 4 to 1 at 120℃ and 6.0~7.0kPa. The product APG is needed to separate residual lauryl dodecyl alcohol and to blanch. The content of dodecyl alcohol is about zero and the mole ratio of polyol to glucose is within 0.6-0.7 by distillation using fluidifing (polyol) at 50-150Pa and 180℃. The optimized bleaching conditions are : the mole ratio of TAED to H2O2 is (0.6-0.7) to 1, bleaching temperature is 70~80℃, pH value is 9-10, bleaching time is 30~50min, dosage of H2O2 6% and APG mass fraction of the product is 50%, which has 0.84-0.86 extinction coefficient. Components of product are analyzed by reversed phase high pressure liquid chromatography. The degree of polymerization by HPLC analysis is calculated which is closed to the results by 1H NMR analysis. The reaction kinetics model is investigated and related parameters have been calculated.