Polyester Staple Fiber Antistatic Agent

The structures and properties of potassium salts of alkyl-phosphate(PK) applied on the polyester(PET) staple fiber were studied in this paper.At first, the factors effecting the esterifacation reaction were analyzed by orthogonal experiment, and the best synthetic conditions were found.Second, the components of alkyl-phosphate and PK were analyzed by IR spectrum, chemical titration and ³¹P-NMR spectrum, the research method were optimized and it provides the secure to produce high quality alkyl-phosphate.Then, the factors acting on the particle sizes of PK emulsion were studied by laser scattering particle size distribution tester, the optimum process conditions were identified. The relations between particle sizes and stability of emulsion were also analyzed.In addition, the factors effecting the antistatic and frictional properties of PET staple fiber were studied by specific electric resistance tester and friction coefficient gauge. The results suggested that alkyl chain length, mono/diesters ratio, pH value, oil pick-up(OPU), humidity and temperature had much influence on the antistatic property of fiber, but the particle size of PK emulsion had little influence on it. The OPU and the particle size of PK played important roles on the friction property of fibre.Finally, the morphology of surface of PET staple fibre with different OPU and particle size of PK emulsion were also observed by environmental scanning electronic microscopy (ESEM) and scanning tunnel microscopy(STM). The results indicate the surface of fiber could be covered well by C₁₂PK and C₁₈PK when the range of OPU was from 0.1 to 0.2 percent, the uniformity of surface of PET fiber decrease and the amounts of desposits caused by CigPK on the surface of fiber was more than which caused by C₁₂PK when the OPU increase.